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作者：Zhang, Yan; Lee, Jae-Hyuk; Yu, Ziqi; Tao, Yinrui; Rimal, Suman; He, Yanzi; Lv, Lei; Lu, Bingwei; Ping, Yong
作者单位：Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Stanford University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Fudan University
摘要：Sleep deprivation (SD), together with inevitable stress inherent to conventional SD protocols, can induce oxidative stress and inflammation, thereby increasing the risk of premature death. However, the source and signaling pathways underlying reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that both mechanical and thermogenetic SD, along with possible stress induced by both protocols, lead to initial ROS accumulation in Drosophila gut subregions, including the pro...
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作者：Bettinazzi, Stefano; Chakraborty, Avishikta; Grover-Thomas, Finley; Dowling, Damian K.; Camus, M. Florencia
作者单位：University of London; University College London; Monash University
摘要：Mitochondrial decline is a hallmark of ageing, yet the role of intergenomic compatibility in shaping ageing trajectories remains poorly understood, particularly in an ecologically relevant framework. Hormetic interventions have been proposed as strategies to modulate metabolism and lifespan, but it is unknown how this operates in the context of mitonuclear discordance. Here, we demonstrate that mitonuclear mismatch accelerates age-related mitochondrial decline, elevates reactive oxygen species...
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作者：Harada, Yasuyo; Sasaki, Takanori; Obata-Ninomiya, Kazushige; Matsuyama, Takahiro; Ueha, Satoshi; Shichino, Shigeyuki; Watanabe, Takashi; Ogawa, Shuhei; Ki, Sewon; Suzuki, Yoshie; Ito, Naoto; Motomura, Yasutaka; Ueno, Hideki; Ziegler, Steven F.; Inoue, Hiromasa; Burrows, Peter; Kim, Brian S.; Murphy, Kenneth M.; Kubo, Masato
作者单位：Keio University; Benaroya Research Institute; Kagoshima University; RIKEN; Tokyo University of Science; Kyoto University; University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Birmingham; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; Washington University (WUSTL); Kyoto University
摘要：Cutaneous allergen sensitization (CAS) is a primary driver of atopic dermatitis (AD) and a key initiator of the atopic march, which can lead to systemic conditions such as food allergy and anaphylaxis. The type 2 cytokine interleukin-13 (IL-13) is an important regulator of high-affinity IgE antibodies, yet the precise cellular targets and mechanisms by which it orchestrates systemic allergic responses remain incompletely understood. Here, we evaluated the role of IL-13 in a murine CAS model th...
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作者：Kean, Hope; Fung, Alexander; Jaggers, Paris; Chen, Jason; Rule, Joshua S.; Benn, Yael; Tenenbaum, Joshua B.; Piantadosi, Steven T.; Varley, Rosemary A.; Fedorenko, Evelina
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of London; University College London; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Manchester Metropolitan University
摘要：Humans are endowed with a powerful capacity for inductive and deductive logical thought: we easily form generalizations based on a few examples and draw conclusions from known premises. Humans also arguably have the most sophisticated communication system in the animal kingdom: natural language allows us to express complex and structured meanings. Some have therefore argued for a tight relationship between complex thought and language, postulating that reasoning, including logical reasoning, r...
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作者：Nabhan, Ahmad N.; Biton, Anne; Everett, Christine; Foo, Conrad; Wu, Diana; Webster, Joshua D.; Alam, Alina A.; Penna, Elisa; Rost, Sandra; Rohatgi, Neha; Reja, Rohit; Tulpano, Ranel J.; Xie, Shiqi; Eidenschenk, Celine; Newton, Kim; Arron, Joseph R.; Dixit, Vishva M.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：While cellular atlases have revealed remarkable phenotypic diversity, how cells navigate this landscape to influence tissue behavior remains poorly understood. We present an alveolosphere screening platform for investigating interactions between lung stem cells and their fibroblast niche. We assessed the role of 201 candidate genes in stem cells via imaging, then used chimeric RNAseq analysis for a transcriptome-wide understanding of cell-autonomous effects on stem cells and non-cell-autonomou...
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作者：Shakeri, Zackary; Arseneault, Dominique; Simard, Martin; Parisien, Marc-Andre
作者单位：University of Quebec; Universite du Quebec a Rimouski; Laval University; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service
摘要：Fire-induced reductions in biomass limit the likelihood of reburning during early vegetation recovery in several crown-fire ecosystems; however, it is unclear how this negative fire-fuel feedback will buffer the rising fire activity expected with climate change. Although the feedback weakens with increasing time since the last fire and with increasing fire-weather severity, how the spatial configuration of fuel influences fire-return intervals remains unknown. Using a detailed 204-y fire histo...
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作者：Harprecht, Christina; Stroh, Luisa J.; O'Hara, Bethany A.; Freytag, Jasmin; Nagel, Felix; Haley, Sheila A.; Stierhof, York-Dieter; Atwood, Walter J.; Stehle, Thilo
作者单位：Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen; Brown University; Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen; Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen; Boehringer Ingelheim
摘要：The human JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) causes the fatal demyelinating disease progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in immunocompromised individuals. JCPyV frequently undergoes mutations in PML patients, and these variants are thought to establish antibody recognition holes that enable the virus to circumvent the antibody response of infected individuals. Many of these PML-associated mutations cluster in the glycan receptor-binding site of the virus. Using X-ray crystallography, we inves...
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作者：Wang, Xi; Lin, Zhe; Wang, Fei; Hu, Hengrui; Na, Heya; Zhang, Tao; Vlak, Just M.; Zou, Zhen; Wang, Manli; Hu, Zhihong
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan Institute of Virology, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Nanjing Institute of Geology & Paleontology, CAS; Institute of Zoology, CAS; Wageningen University & Research
摘要：Many parasitoid wasps in the family Braconidae rely on bracoviruses to parasitize lepidopteran hosts. Bracoviruses evolved from a virus in the family Nudiviridae, while nudiviruses are closely related to baculoviruses. A per os infectivity factor (PIF) complex is essential for oral infection of hosts by baculoviruses. Bracoviruses encode 8 PIF homologs but have no per os infection route because wasps inject virions into hosts. Thus, the mechanism underlying how bracoviruses enter lepidopteran ...
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作者：Chandrasekhar, Arun G.; Chaudhary, Vasu; Golub, Benjamin; Jackson, Matthew O.
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Northwestern University; The Santa Fe Institute
摘要：We study multiplexing-the extent to which people have multiple, distinct types of relationships with the same others. We document empirical multiplexing patterns in Indian village data. We show that relationships such as socializing, advising, helping, and lending are correlated but distinct, while commonly used proxies for networks based on ethnicity and geography are nearly uncorrelated with actual relationships. We also show that these layers and their overlap affect information diffusion i...
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作者：Jeong, Sangho; Eschedor, Gabriel; Alabady, Magdy; Lukowitz, Wolfgang
作者单位：University System of Georgia; University of Georgia
摘要：The main axis of the plant body is established in early embryogenesis. Polar growth and asymmetric division of the Arabidopsis zygote require the Mitogen-Activated Protein (MAP) kinase kinase kinase YODA and the MAP kinases MPK3/MPK6, but regulation of this signaling cascade is not well understood. Here, we show that three BSU1-LIKE phosphatases (BSL1-3) are essential positive regulators: A combined loss causes closely similar defects to loss of the YODA MAP kinase cascade, resulting in nonpol...
