28期

最新文章

• Late Pleistocene Clovis atlatl hunting fails a chronological modeling test AI翻译
  作者：Eren, Metin I.; Bebber, Michelle R.; Walker, Robert S.; Johnson, C. Reagan; Buchanan, Briggs
  作者单位：University System of Ohio; Kent State University; Kent State University Kent; Kent State University Salem; Cleveland Museum of Natural History; University of Cambridge; University of Missouri System; University of Missouri Columbia; Southern Methodist University; University of Tulsa
  摘要：Late Pleistocene North American foragers assigned to the Clovis culture have long been assumed to have hunted megafauna with the atlatl, which would have provided several advantages. Yet, we chronologically modeled radiocarbon ages from preserved Holocene atlatls and show that Clovis atlatl use is not supported. If Clovis hunters did not use atlatl technology, then its emergence in the Americas during the early Holocene represents a case of technological convergent evolution analogous to atlat...
• Prescribed fire is unlikely to reduce net PM2.5 emissions in most locations AI翻译
  作者：Kreider, Mark R.; Urbanski, Shawn P.; Fargione, Joseph
  作者单位：United States Department of Energy (DOE); Oak Ridge Associated Universities; Oak Ridge Institute for Science & Education; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); United States Forest Service; Nature Conservancy
  摘要：Wildfire smoke poses a growing global health risk, largely from fine particulate matter (PM2.5) emissions. Prescribed fires, which are critical for maintaining resilient forests in many locations, can also reduce wildfire emissions in treated areas that later burn. However, prescribed fires also produce smoke, creating a tradeoff in their net impact on PM2.5 emissions. We develop a mathematical framework showing that, under most current conditions globally, prescribed fire emissions are rarely...
• SpyCEP dismantles neutrophil immunity via disorder-driven chemokine remodeling and GAG targeting AI翻译
  作者：Lau, Rikin J.; Giblin, Sean P.; Sugar, Andra; Di Maio, Antonio; Tassini, Giulio; Huse, Kristin; Chorev, Dror; Chen, Yuan; Wu, Grace Ho-Yan; Huemer, Camilla Berg; Kim, Seung Yon; Matthews, Jayden; Muloud, Bel; Chen, Lu; McKenna, Sophie; Xu, Yingqi; Massai, Luisa; Muzzi, Chiara; Ferhati, Xhenti; Necchi, Francesca; Gomes Moriel, Danilo; Feizi, Ten; Liu, Yan; Pease, James E.; Sriskandan, Shiranee; Matthews, Steve
  作者单位：Imperial College London; Imperial College London; Imperial College London; Imperial College London; Imperial College London
  摘要：Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcus) employs sophisticated virulence strategies to evade human immunity, including secretion of the cell envelope protease SpyCEP, which cleaves and inactivates key neutrophil-attracting chemokines such as CXCL8. Here, we integrate cryo-electron microscopy, NMR spectroscopy, and native mass spectrometry to investigate how SpyCEP disrupts CXCL8 function. We demonstrate that a disordered aromatic and acidic region within the cleaved autocatalytic maturat...
• Localized sample-based quantum diagonalization for strongly correlated chemistry AI翻译
  作者：Wang, Qiaohong; Sung, Kevin J.; D'Cunha, Ruhee; Hermes, Matthew R.; Gujarati, Tanvi; Kawashima, Yukio; Ohnishi, Yu-ya; Jones, Gavin O.; Motta, Mario; Gagliardi, Laura
  作者单位：University of Chicago; International Business Machines (IBM); IBM USA; University of Chicago
  摘要：We develop a hybrid quantum-classical workflow combining sample-based quantum diagonalization (SQD) and the localized active space self-consistent field method (LASSCF) to solve for the ground states of transition-metal complexes, a longstanding challenge for both classical and quantum algorithms. The resulting approach, named LASSQD, integrates quantum sampling with fragment-based multireference theory to reduce the computational cost of solving strongly correlated active spaces. We test LASS...
• Payment integrity in government programs: Takeaways from incorporating the behavioral sciences in US federal evaluations AI翻译
  作者：Duru, Maya; Hoover, Hanna; Kappes, Heather Barry; Schwegman, David; Seim, Brigitte; Toma, Mattie; Turner, Mary Clair
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; American University; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of Warwick; Georgetown University
  摘要：A primary way the US federal government delivers public goods and services is via monetary payments. Ensuring that these payments are calculated accurately, delivered on time, and made to the correct recipients is important for government fiscal health. Inaccurate or delayed payments can weaken public trust in the government and undermine government accountability. In this article, we examine findings from a set of impact evaluations assessing interventions designed to improve payment integrit...
• Costunolide ameliorates autoimmune uveitis by targeting USP15 to suppress TNF-α-induced retinal endothelial inflammation AI翻译
  作者：Gao, Yu; Li, Xingran; Dai, Lingyu; Luo, Xiang; Su, Guannan; Shi, Kai; Chen, Ling; Yang, Peizeng
  作者单位：Chongqing Medical University; Fudan University; Fudan University
  摘要：Autoimmune uveitis is a sight-threatening inflammatory disease, with the majority of entities driven by leukocyte infiltration into the retina. A critical early step in this process is the activation of retinal vascular endothelial cells (ECs), which up-regulate adhesion molecules that mediate T cell adhesion and subsequent extravasation. Here, we identify the small terpenoid compound costunolide (COS) as a potent suppressor of retinal endothelial inflammation and disease progression in experi...
• Regional variability but global flux balance in the deep sulfur cycle AI翻译
  作者：Li, Ji-Lei; Ague, Jay J.; John, Timm; Li, Botao; Clift, Peter D.; Schwarzenbach, Esther M.; Gao, Jun
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Nanjing Institute of Geology & Paleontology, CAS; Institute of Geology & Geophysics, CAS; Yale University; Free University of Berlin; China University of Geosciences; University of London; University College London; University of Szczecin; University of Fribourg; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS
  摘要：Sulfur is a key volatile that influences Earth's redox state, climate, and deep geochemical cycles. Subduction zones are the primary pathways carrying sulfur from the surface into the mantle, yet the global sulfur budget and recycling efficiency remain uncertain. Here, we compile a trench-by-trench inventory of subducting sulfur using sediment compositions from ocean drilling programs collected near major trenches, integrated with spatially resolved estimates of oceanic crustal and serpentinit...
• Human and animal morbillivirus strains causing chronic neurological infections share key genotypic and phenotypic traits AI翻译
  作者：Roji, Melvin Daniel; Geiselhardt, Franziska; Beythien, Georg; Laudeley, Kristin; Mirolo, Monica; Jo, Wendy K.; Martino, Laura; Beineke, Andreas; Baumgaertner, Wolfgang; Peters, Martin; van den Brand, Judith M. A.; Jensen, Trine H.; Kuiken, Thijs; Langedijk, Johannes P. M.; Domingo, Mariano; Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E.; Ludlow, Martin
  作者单位：University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover; University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover; Autonomous University of Barcelona; Utrecht University; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Erasmus MC; Free University of Berlin; Humboldt University of Berlin; Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin; Free University of Berlin; Humboldt University of Berlin; Aarhus University
  摘要：Long-term persistent measles virus (MeV) infection of the central nervous system (CNS) can result in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE), an invariably fatal late neurological complication of measles. Analogous SSPE-like chronic diseases have also been reported in adult dogs, cetaceans, and more recently harbor seals following infection by canine distemper virus (CDV), dolphin morbillivirus (DMV), and phocine distemper virus (PDV), respectively. Here, we characterize different animal mo...
• 撤稿声明: Curiouser and curiouser: Meningeal lymphoid structures in the aging brain AI翻译
  作者：Shaked, Iftach; Frenkel, Dan
• The combinatorial innexin code of heterochannel electrical synapses governs synaptic function and is maintained by distinct cellular mechanisms AI翻译
  作者：Vats, Atal; Sudhanand, Muraleedharan; Bandyopadhyay, Ananya; Mascarenhas, Marlyn Xavier; Varma, Nayantara; Koushika, Sandhya Padmanabhan; Bhattacharya, Abhishek
  作者单位：Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR); National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS); Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR); Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai
  摘要：Diversity in the molecular composition of intercellular gap junction channels, the functional units of electrical synapses, determines their physiological properties. Yet the mechanisms by which neurons coordinate the use of multiple coexpressed gap junction proteins-connexins or innexins-to establish selective connections with distinct synaptic partners remain largely unknown. Using the posterior mechanosensory circuit in Caenorhabditis elegans, we found that individual electrical synapses ca...