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作者：Burda, Michael C.; Hamermesh, Daniel S.; Stewart, Jay
作者单位：Humboldt University of Berlin; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of London; Royal Holloway University London; United States Department of Labor
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作者：Lee, Robin S.
作者单位：New York University
摘要：This paper measures the impact of vertically integrated and exclusive software on industry structure and welfare in the sixth-generation of the US video game industry (2000-2005). I specify and estimate a dynamic model of both consumer demand for hardware and software products, and software demand for hardware platforms. I use estimates to simulate market outcomes had platforms been unable to own or contract exclusively with software. Driven by increased software compatibility, hardware and so...
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作者：Lim, Claire S. H.
作者单位：Cornell University
摘要：We study how two selection systems for public officials, appointment and election, affect policy outcomes, focusing on state court judges and their criminal sentencing decisions. First, under appointment, policy congruence with voter preferences is attained through selecting judges with homogeneous preferences. In contrast, under election, judges face strong reelection incentives, while selection on preferences is weak. Second, the effectiveness of election in attaining policy congruence criti...
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作者：Glaeser, Edward L.
作者单位：Harvard University
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作者：Seim, Katja; Waldfogel, Joel
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：We estimate a spatial model of liquor demand to analyze the impact of government-controlled retailing on entry patterns. In the absence of the Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board, the state would have roughly 2.5 times the current number of stores, higher consumer surplus, and lower payments to liquor store employees. With just over half the number of stores that would maximize welfare, the government system is instead best rationalized as profit maximization with profit sharing. Government oper...
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作者：Atkin, David
作者单位：Yale University
摘要：This paper explores the causes and consequences of regional taste differences. I introduce habit formation into a standard general equilibrium model. Household tastes evolve over time to favor foods consumed as a child. Thus, locally abundant foods are preferred in every region, as they were relatively inexpensive in prior generations. These patterns alter the correspondence between price changes and nutrition. For example, neglecting this relationship between tastes and agro-climatic endowmen...
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作者：Carvalho, Vasco; Gabaix, Xavier
作者单位：Pompeu Fabra University; Centre de Recerca en Economia Internacional (CREI); Barcelona School of Economics; New York University
摘要：We investigate the hypothesis that macroeconomic fluctuations are primitively the results of many microeconomic shocks. We define fundamental volatility as the volatility that would arise from an economy made entirely of idiosyncratic sectoral or firm-level shocks. Fundamental volatility accounts for the swings in macroeconomic volatility in the major world economies in the past half-century. It accounts for the great moderation and its undoing. The initial great moderation is due to a decreas...
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作者：Blanco, Luisa; Ruiz, Isabel
作者单位：Pepperdine University; RAND Corporation; University of Oxford
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作者：Clemens, Jeffrey
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego
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作者：Ashraf, Quamrul; Galor, Oded
作者单位：Williams College; Brown University
摘要：This research advances and empirically establishes the hypothesis that, in the course of the prehistoric exodus of Homo sapiens out of Africa, variation in migratory distance to various settlements across the globe affected genetic diversity and has had a persistent hump-shaped effect on comparative economic development, reflecting the trade-off between the beneficial and the detrimental effects of diversity on productivity. While the low diversity of Native American populations and the high d...
