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作者：Ashraf, Nava; Bandiera, Oriana; Davenport, Edward; Lee, Scott S.
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Vanderbilt University; Vanderbilt University
摘要：We embed a field experiment in a nationwide recruitment drive for a new' health care position in Zambia to test whether career benefits attract talent at the expense of prosocial motivation. In line with common wisdom, offering career opportunities attracts less prosocial applicants. However, the trade-off exists only at low levels of talent; the marginal applicants in treatment are more talented and equally prosocial. These are hired, and perform better at every step of the causal chain: they...
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作者：Grant, Matthew
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：Tariffs are generally assumed to depend on the product, not the identity of the importer. However, special economic zones are a common, economically important policy used worldwide to lower tariffs on selected goods for selected manufacturers. I show this is motivated by policymakers' desire to discriminate across buyers when a tax is intended to raise prices for sellers, through a mechanism distinct from existing theories of optimal taxation. Using a new dataset compiled from public records a...
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作者：Jakobsen, Alexander M.
作者单位：University of Calgary
摘要：I study a mechanism design problem involving a principal and a single, boundedly rational agent. The agent transitions among belief states by combining current beliefs with up to K pieces of information at a time. By expressing a mechanism as a complex contract- a collection of clauses, each providing limited information about the mechanism the principal manipulates the agent into believing truthful reporting is optimal. I show that such bounded rationality expands the set of implementable fun...
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作者：Depetris-Chauvin, Emilio; Durante, Ruben; Campante, Filipe
作者单位：Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; ICREA; Pompeu Fabra University; Barcelona School of Economics; Johns Hopkins University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We examine whether shared collective experiences help build a national identity, by looking at the impact of national football teams' victories in sub-Saharan Africa. We find that individuals surveyed in the days after an important victory of their country's national team are 37 percent less likely to identify primarily with their ethnic group, and 30 percent more likely to trust other ethnicities, than those interviewed just before. Crucially, national team achievements also reduce violence: ...
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作者：Kapor, Adam J.; Neilson, Christopher A.; Zimmerman, Seth D.
作者单位：Princeton University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Chicago
摘要：This paper studies how welfare outcomes in centralized school choice depend on the assignment mechanism when participants are not fully informed. Using a survey of school choice participants in a strategic setting, we show that beliefs about admissions chances differ from rational expectations values and predict choice behavior. To quantify the welfare costs of belief errors, we estimate a model of school choice that incorporates subjective beliefs. We evaluate the equilibrium effects of switc...
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作者：Abdulkadiroglu, Atila; Pathak, Parag A.; Schellenberg, Jonathan; Walters, Christopher R.
作者单位：Duke University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：School choice may lead to improvements in school productivity if parents' choices reward effective schools and punish ineffective ones. This mechanism requires parents to choose schools based on causal effectiveness rather than peer characteristics. We study relationships among parent preferences, peer quality, and causal effects on outcomes for applicants to New York city's centralized high school assignment mechanism. We use applicants' rank-ordered choice lists to measure preferences and to...
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作者：Mailath, George J.; Samuelson, Larry
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; Australian National University; Yale University
摘要：People reason about uncertainty with deliberately incomplete models. How do people hampered by different, incomplete views of the world learn from each other? We introduce a model of model-based inference. Model-based reasoners partition an otherwise hopelessly complex state space into a manageable model. Unless the differences in agents' models are trivial, interactions will often not lead agents to have common beliefs or beliefs near the correct-model belief If the agents' models have enough...
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作者：Armand, Alex; Atwell, Paul; Gomes, Joseph E.
作者单位：Universidade Nova de Lisboa; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Universite Catholique Louvain; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
摘要：We examine the role of FM radio in mitigating violent conflict. We collect original data on radio broadcasts encouraging defections during the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) insurgency. This constitutes the first quantitative evaluation of an active counterinsurgency policy that encourages defections through radio messages. Exploiting random topography-driven variation in radio coverage along with panel variation at the grid-cell level, we identify the causal effect of messaging on violence. Bro...
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作者：Becker, Sascha O.; Grosfeld, Irena; Grosjean, Pauline; Voigtlander, Nico; Zhuravskaya, Ekaterina
作者单位：Monash University; University of Warwick; Paris School of Economics; University of New South Wales Sydney; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of London; University College London
摘要：We study the long-run effects of forced migration on investment in education. After World War II, millions of Poles were forcibly uprooted from the Kresy territories of eastern Poland and resettled (primarily) in the newly acquired Western Territories, from which the Germans were expelled. We combine historical censuses with newly collected survey data to show that, while there were no pre-WWII differences in educational attainment, Poles with a family history of forced migration are significa...
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作者：Bauer, Michael D.; Rudebusch, Glenn D.
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - San Francisco
摘要：Macro finance theory implies that trend inflation and the equilibrium real interest rate are fundamental determinants of the yield curve. However, empirical models of the term structure of interest rates generally assume that these fundamentals are constant. We show that accounting for time variation in these underlying long-run trends is crucial for understanding the dynamics of Treasury yields and predicting excess bond returns. We introduce a new arbitrage-free model that captures the key r...
