-
作者：Goldsmith-Pinkham, Paul; Sorkin, Isaac; Swift, Henry
作者单位：Yale University; Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：The Bartik instrument is formed by interacting local industry shares and national industry growth rates. We show that the typical use of a Bartik instrument assumes a pooled exposure research design, where the shares measure differential exposure to common shocks, and identification is based on exogeneity of the shares. Next, we show how the Bartik instrument weights each of the exposure designs. Finally, we discuss how to assess the plausibility of the research design. We illustrate our resul...
-
作者：Banerjee, Abhijit Vinayak
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
-
作者：Chakraborty, Archishman; Ghosh, Parikshit; Roy, Jaideep
作者单位：Yeshiva University; University of Delhi; Delhi School of Economics; University of Bath
摘要：Does public cheap talk by a biased expert benefit voters? The answer depends on the nature of democratic institutions and the extent of communication possibilities. Expert endorsements induce office-seeking parties to serve the expert's interests, hurting voters. Expert advocacy makes policies respond to information, helping voters. Together, policy advocacy and partisan endorsements are often better than either alone. Their interaction creates a delegation benefit that makes indirect democrac...
-
作者：Gurkaynak, Refet S.; Kisacikoglu, Burcin; Wright, Jonathan H.
作者单位：Ihsan Dogramaci Bilkent University; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Johns Hopkins University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Macroeconomic news announcements are elaborate and multi-dimensional. We consider a framework in which jumps in asset prices around announcements reflect both the response to observed surprises in headline numbers and to latent factors, reflecting other news in the release. Non-headline news, for which there are no expectations surveys, is unobservable to the econometrician but nonetheless elicits a market response. We estimate the model by the Kalman filter, which efficiently combines OLS and...
-
作者：Bertrand, Marianne; Bombardini, Matilde; Fisman, Raymond; Trebbi, Francesco
作者单位：University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR); University of British Columbia; Boston University
摘要：We explore the role of charitable giving as a means of political influence. For philanthropic foundations associated with large US corporations, we present three different identification strategies that consistently point to the use of corporate social responsibility in ways that parallel the strategic use of political action committee (PAC) spending. Our estimates imply that 6.3 percent of corporate charitable giving may be politically motivated, an amount 2.5 times larger than annual PAC con...
-
作者：Kojima, Fuhito; Sun, Ning; Yu, Ning Neil
作者单位：Stanford University; Nanjing Audit University; Nanjing Audit University; Stanford University
摘要：Studying job matching in a Kelso-Crawford framework, we consider arbitrary constraints imposed on sets of doctors that a hospital can hire. We characterize all constraints that preserve the substitutes condition (for all revenue fiaictions that satisfy the substitutes condition), a critical condition on hospitals' revenue functions for well-behaved competitive equilibria. A constraint preserves the substitutes condition if and only if it is a generalized interval constraint, which specifies th...
-
作者：Armand, Alex; Atwell, Paul; Gomes, Joseph E.
作者单位：Universidade Nova de Lisboa; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Universite Catholique Louvain; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
摘要：We examine the role of FM radio in mitigating violent conflict. We collect original data on radio broadcasts encouraging defections during the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) insurgency. This constitutes the first quantitative evaluation of an active counterinsurgency policy that encourages defections through radio messages. Exploiting random topography-driven variation in radio coverage along with panel variation at the grid-cell level, we identify the causal effect of messaging on violence. Bro...
-
作者：Becker, Sascha O.; Grosfeld, Irena; Grosjean, Pauline; Voigtlander, Nico; Zhuravskaya, Ekaterina
作者单位：Monash University; University of Warwick; Paris School of Economics; University of New South Wales Sydney; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of London; University College London
摘要：We study the long-run effects of forced migration on investment in education. After World War II, millions of Poles were forcibly uprooted from the Kresy territories of eastern Poland and resettled (primarily) in the newly acquired Western Territories, from which the Germans were expelled. We combine historical censuses with newly collected survey data to show that, while there were no pre-WWII differences in educational attainment, Poles with a family history of forced migration are significa...
-
作者：Mattauch, Linus; Matthews, H. Damon; Millar, Richard; Rezai, Armon; Solomon, Susan; Venmans, Frank
作者单位：University of Oxford; Concordia University - Canada; Vienna University of Economics & Business; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Mons; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Lemoine and Rudik (2017) argues that it is efficient to delay reducing carbon emissions, due to supposed inertia in the climate system's response to emissions. This conclusion rests upon misunderstanding the relevant earth system modeling: there is no substantial lag between CO2 emissions and warming. Applying a representation of the earth system that captures the range of responses seen in complex earth system models invalidates the original article's implications for climate policy. The leas...
-
作者：Millner, Antony
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara
摘要：The -long-run social discount rate has an enormous effect on the value of climate mitigation, infrastructure projects, and other long-term public policies. Its value is however highly contested, in part because of normative disagreements about social time preferences. I develop a theory of nondogmatic social planners, who are insecure in their current normative judgments and entertain the possibility that they may change. Although each nondogmatic planner advocates an idiosyncratic theory of i...
