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作者：Bandiera, Oriana; Mohnen, Myra; Rasul, Imran; Viarengo, Martina
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Essex; University of London; University College London
摘要：Why did America introduce compulsory schooling laws at a time when financial investments in education and voluntary school attendance were high? We provide qualitative and quantitative evidence that states adopted compulsory schooling laws as a nation-building tool to instil civic values to the culturally diverse migrants during the 'Age of Mass Migration' between 1850 and 1914.. We show the adoption of compulsory schooling laws occurred significantly earlier in states that hosted European mig...
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作者：Saran, Rene; Tumennasan, Norovsambuu
作者单位：University System of Ohio; University of Cincinnati; Yale NUS College; Dalhousie University
摘要：We study the effectiveness of sortition to elicit and aggregate information that is dispersed among groups of individuals facing a collective choice problem. Sortition is the process of selecting decision-makers by a kleroterion (lottery machine). In environments with private consumption, we identify a large class of kleroteria that is as effective as direct democracy in (fully) implementing social choice functions. Examples include an opinion poll, where a random sample of two (or more) indiv...
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作者：Godefroy, Raphael
作者单位：Universite de Montreal; Universite de Montreal
摘要：This article estimates the impact on fertility of a 1999 reform that reduced litigants' rights for Muslim women in certain states of Nigeria. Using data from Demographic and Health Surveys, I find that, where enforced, the Reform increased the yearly probability of giving birth by 0.026. This effect stems from both a shift of fertility decisions within marriage towards husbands' preferences and an increase in the probability of being married. The change in marital status alone may explain 60% ...
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作者：Herrera, Helios; Llorente-Saguer, Aniol; McMurray, Joseph C.
作者单位：University of Warwick; University of Warwick; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); University of London; Queen Mary University London; Brigham Young University
摘要：The swing voter's curse is useful for explaining patterns of voter participation, but arises because voters restrict attention to the rare event of a pivotal vote. Recent empirical evidence suggests that electoral margins influence policy outcomes, even away from the 50% threshold. If so, voters should also pay attention to the marginal impact of a vote. Adopting this assumption, we find that a marginal voter's curse gives voters a new reason to abstain: to avoid diluting the pool of informati...
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作者：Perroni, Carlo; Pogrebna, Ganna; Sandford, Sarah; Scharf, Kimberley
作者单位：University of Warwick; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Birmingham; Alan Turing Institute; ESSEC Business School; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
摘要：We study contestability in charity markets where non-commercial, not-for-profit providers supply a homogeneous collective good through increasing-returns-to-scale technologies. Unlike in the case of for-profit competition, the absence of price-based sales contracts for charities means that fixed costs can translate into entry barriers, protecting the position of an inefficient incumbent; or, conversely, they can make it possible for inefficient newcomers to contest the position of a more effic...
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作者：Gould, Eric D.
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem
摘要：This article investigates whether the increasing residual wage inequality' trend, which is responsible for most of the wage inequality phenomenon, is related to manufacturing decline and the influx of low-skilled immigrants. The analysis exploits variation across locations in the United States, and shows that a shrinking manufacturing sector increases inequality. This effect strengthens with an influx of low-skilled immigrants. Similar results are found for the increasing return to education a...
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作者：Zhang, Y. Jane
作者单位：Hong Kong University of Science & Technology
摘要：Can policy change competitive preferences? This study uses controlled laboratory settings to compare the gender gap in competitive inclination in ethnic groups exposed and exempted from communist institutional reforms that have radically changed the lives of women in China in the areas of marriage, education, work and fertility. Results suggest that exogenously imposed reforms may increase female competitive inclination, although they do not eliminate the gender gap in all cultural contexts. P...
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作者：Argenziano, Rossella; Weeds, Helen
作者单位：University of Essex; Imperial College London
摘要：We analyse decision-making in the presence of Freedom of Information (FOI) rules. A decision-maker chooses whether to acquire costly information to inform his decision regarding a policy action. If information is not disclosed voluntarily a monitor may open a costly investigation, using FOI to access the information. A finding of biased decision-making or negligence in information acquisition generates a reward to the monitor and a penalty to the decision-maker. We find that strengthening FOI ...
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作者：Feigenberg, Benjamin; Yan, Rui; Rivkin, Steven
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Chile implemented a targeted voucher programme in 2008 that increased funding for disadvantaged students at public and participating private schools by approximately 50%. This reform would be expected to raise average achievement in participating schools and to reduce the achievement gap related to socioeconomic status, and disadvantaged students did make fourth-grade test-score gains exceeding 0.2 standard deviations that other studies have attributed to the programme. However, we find only s...
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作者：Cagala, Tobias; Glogowsky, Ulrich; Grimm, Veronika; Rincke, Johannes
作者单位：Deutsche Bundesbank; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Munich; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Erlangen Nuremberg
摘要：This article studies public goods provision when contributors repeatedly interact with rent-extracting administrators. Our main finding is that the presence of an administrator reduces contributions but only because rent extraction lowers the marginal per capita return of investing in the public good. Analysing the interactions between the contributors and the administrator, we demonstrate that rent-extraction and cooperation shocks trigger short-run adjustments in agents' behaviour. However, ...
