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作者：Dupas, Pascaline; Keats, Anthony; Robinson, Jonathan
作者单位：Wesleyan University; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz
摘要：The welfare impact of expanding access to bank accounts depends on whether accounts crowd Out pre-existing financial relationships, or whether private gains from accounts are shared within social networks. In this experiment, we provided free bank accounts to a random subset of 885 households. Across households, we document positive spillovers: treatment households become less reliant on grown children and siblings living outside their village, and become more supportive of neighbours and frie...
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作者：Galama, Titus J.; van Kippersluis, Hans
作者单位：University of Southern California; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Tinbergen Institute; Chinese University of Hong Kong
摘要：Motivated by the observation that medical care explains only a relatively small part of the sock)economic status (SES)-health gradient, we present a life-cycle model that incorporates several additional behaviours that potentially explain (jointly) a large part of observed disparities. As a result, the model provides not only a conceptual framework for the SES-health gradient but more generally an improved framework for the production of health. We derive novel predictions from the theory by p...
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作者：Ananyev, Maxim; Guriev, Sergei
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Institut d'Etudes Politiques Paris (Sciences Po)
摘要：This article draws on a natural experiment to identify the relationship between income and trust. We use a unique panel data set on Russia where GDP experienced an 8% drop in 2009. The effect of the crisis had been uneven among Russian regions because of their differences in industrial structure inherited from the Soviet period. After instrumenting average regional income by Soviet industrial structure, we find that 10% decrease in income is associated with a five percentage point decrease in ...
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作者：Aytimur, R. Emre; Bruns, Christian
作者单位：University of Manchester; University of Gottingen
摘要：We show that ignorant voters can succeed in establishing high levels of electoral accountability. In our model, an incumbent politician is confronted with a large number of voters who receive fuzzy private signals about her performance. A sampling effect enables the incumbent to form a precise estimate of the median voter's signal, and the resulting level of accountability is as if the incumbent faced a perfectly informed social planner. Public information or ideological preferences can impair...
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作者：Funk, Peter
作者单位：University of Cologne; University of Cologne
摘要：Human capital not only earns income but also is a source of direct felicity. The interaction between these two motives for effort can generate multiple stationary solutions for individual household optimisation. This multiplicity freezes any sufficiently unequal initial skill distribution and persistently segregates households into two separate groups: one rich and educated, one poor and uneducated. If public goods are to be financed, polarisation is typically Pareto-inefficient. While uncondi...
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作者：Gaarder, Ingvil
作者单位：University of Chicago
摘要：This article examines the incidence and distributional effects of value added taxes (VAT). A sharp change in the VAT policy on food in Norway is exploited. My findings suggest that taxes levied on food are completely shifted to consumer prices, while there is little spill-over effects to most other goods. To understand the distributional effects of the reform, one uses expenditure data and estimate the compensating variation of the tax induces price changes. I find that lowering the VAT on foo...
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作者：Berg, Erlend; Ghatak, Maitreesh; Manjula, R.; Rajasekhar, D.; Roy, Sanchari
作者单位：University of Bristol; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of London; King's College London
摘要：This article studies the interaction of incentive pay with intrinsic motivation and social distance. We analyse theoretically as well as empirically the effect of incentive pay when agents have not only pro-social objectives but also preferences over dealing with one social group relative to another. In a randomised field experiment undertaken across 1151 villages in South India, local agents were hired to spread information about a public health insurance programme. In the absence of incentiv...
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作者：Gauriot, Romain; Page, Lionel
作者单位：New York University; New York University Abu Dhabi; University of Technology Sydney
摘要：We study how agents adapt their behaviour to variations of incentives in dynamic contests. We investigate a real dynamic contest with large stakes: professional tennis matches. Situations in which balls bounce very close to the court's lines are used as the setting of a quasi-experiment providing random variations in winning probability. We find evidence of a momentum effect for men whereby winning a point has a positive causal impact on the probability to win the next one. This behaviour is c...
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作者：Fluckiger, Matthias; Ludwig, Markus; Onder, Ali Sina
作者单位：Queens University Belfast; University of Bayreuth; University of Portsmouth
摘要：We exploit the West African Ebola epidemic as an event that necessitated the provision of a common-interest public good, Ebola control measures, to empirically investigate the effect of public good provision on state legitimacy. Our results show that state legitimacy, measured by trust in government authorities, increased with exposure to the epidemic. We argue, supported by results from SMS-message-based surveys, that a potentially important channel underlying this finding is a greater valuat...
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作者：Nygard, Odd E.; Slemrod, Joel; Thoresen, Thor O.
作者单位：Statistics Norway; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Oslo
摘要：Both buyers and sellers of goods and services may benefit from letting their economic transactions go unrecorded for tax purposes. The supplier reduces his tax burden by underreporting income and sales, whereas the consumer may gain from buying a non-taxed lower-priced product. The distributional implications of such joint tax evasion depend on the amounts evaded, on where the evaders on both sides of the market are found in the income distribution, and on how the financial gain is split. Our ...
