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作者：Fredriksson, PG; List, JA; Millimet, DL
作者单位：Southern Methodist University; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Baltimore
摘要：Previous studies have proposed that equilibrium capital flows are affected by environmental regulations-the commonly coined 'pollution haven' hypothesis. We revisit this issue by treating environmental policies as endogenous and allowing governmental corruption to influence foreign direct investment patterns. Via these two simple extensions, we are able to provide a much richer model of international capital flows. The theoretical model presumes that the effect of corruption on FDI operates vi...
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作者：Liu, LQ
作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station
摘要：Although the use of marginal cost of funds (MCF) has been widely appreciated in public finance literature, discussions of MCF have been confined to a static setting. This paper develops a multi-period project evaluation rule that is based on MCF. Unlike previous approaches, the parameters required for implementing the MCF rule are independent of projects under consideration. A lesson from this paper is that the government discount rate policies that are largely based on the concepts of social ...
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作者：Epstein, GS; Hillman, AL
作者单位：Bar Ilan University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：Adverse voter sentiment can arise when immigrants are unemployed and receive tax-financed income transfers. The explanation for unemployment however determines the consequences for the local population, and an efficiency-wage explanation for unemployment is consistent with mutual benefit to national workers and employers from the presence of unemployed immigrants receiving tax-financed income transfers. The mutual benefit requires credible labor-market disciplining through job offers to immigr...
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作者：Andersson, F; Konrad, KA
作者单位：Free University of Berlin; Free University of Berlin; Lund University
摘要：This paper considers education investment and public education policy in closed and open economies with an extortionary government. The extortionary government in a closed economy chooses an education policy in order to overcome a hold-up problem of time-consistent taxation similar to benevolent governments. The two types of government differ in their education policies if highly productive labor is mobile. Extortionary governments' incentives for a policy that stimulates higher private educat...
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作者：Bernheim, BD; Garrett, DM
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Cornerstone Research
摘要：We use a novel household survey to investigate the effects of employer-based financial education on personal saving. We explore cross-sectional relations between the availability of employer-based financial education and various measures of asset accumulation, and we interpret these patterns in light of various potentially confounding factors. Our findings favor the hypothesis that employer-based financial education stimulates saving, both in general and for retirement. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. ...
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作者：Lyon, TP; Maxwell, JW
作者单位：Indiana University System; IU Kelley School of Business; Indiana University Bloomington
摘要：An increasingly popular instrument for solving environmental problems is the 'public voluntary agreement (VA),' in which government offers technical assistance and positive publicity to firms that reach certain environmental goals. Prior papers treat such agreements as a superior, low-cost instrument that can be used to preempt a threat of traditional, inefficient, regulation. We present a more general model in which public VAs may instead be weak tools used when political opposition makes env...
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作者：Lockwood, B
作者单位：University of Warwick
摘要：This paper analyses the impact of changes in product market competition on the marginal cost of public funds (MCPF) and public goods supply when distortionary commodity taxes are used to raise revenue. First, less competition (measured by a switch from Bertrand to Cournot conduct, or a decrease in the elasticity of demand) does not necessarily raise the MPCF. Second, even if it does, optimal public good supply does not necessarily fall. The paper also presents a method for modelling Bertrand a...
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作者：Brunetti, A; Weder, B
作者单位：Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz
摘要：This paper tests the proposition that a free press may be a powerful control on corruption. We find evidence of a significant relationship between more press freedom and less corruption in a large cross-section of countries. This result is robust to specification and sample and the relationship is not sensitive to the choice of a particular measure of corruption or of press freedom. Furthermore we present evidence which suggests that the direction of causation runs from higher press freedom to...
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作者：Zhang, J
作者单位：University of Queensland
摘要：and human capital externalities. Because of such externalities, education investment is too low and fertility is too high. While education subsidies are the conventional means to deal with these problems, we show that the optimal policy also comprises debt even when distortionary taxes are used. The reason is that debt tips the usual trade-off between children's quantity and quality in favor of the latter by increasing the bequest cost of children. The optimal debt-output ratio exceeds 10% for...
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作者：Cullen, JB
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：In this paper, I estimate the elasticity of student disability rates with respect to the generosity of state reimbursements. The classification response is identified from policy-induced variation in the amount of state aid generated by serving a disabled student across local school districts in Texas from 1991-1992 through 1996-1997. My central estimates imply that fiscal incentives can explain nearly 40% of the recent growth in student disability rates in Texas. The magnitude of the institut...
