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作者：Arcidiacono, P
作者单位：Duke University
摘要：Blacks have both lower employment rates and lower earnings than whites. Further, the earnings gap increases as workers age. This paper focuses on explaining differences in black/white earnings profiles and how government interventions work in a dynamic environment. Three contributions are made. Firstly, multiple equilibria may exist solely because of a coordination failure by firms. Even without taste discrimination, blacks may play no role in their poor labor market outcomes. Secondly, search...
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作者：Shiell, L
作者单位：University of Ottawa
摘要：A prescriptive, second-best approach is developed for determining the control of greenhouse gas emissions in an inter-temporal multi-region model of the world. Concerns about inter and intra-generational equity are reflected in the rate of time preference and regional weights of a social welfare function. Choices are narrowed down by the ethical principle of anonymity. A third dimension of equity, inequality aversion, is subject to greater variation. The aggressiveness of recommended abatement...
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作者：Fredriksson, PG; Svensson, J
作者单位：Southern Methodist University; Stockholm University
摘要：This paper develops a theory of environmental policy formation, taking into consideration the degree of corruptibility and political turbulence. The predictions that emerge are that the interaction between the two variables is important. Political instability has a negative effect on the stringency of environmental regulations if the level of corruption is low, but a positive effect when the degree of corruption is high. Corruption reduces the stringency of environmental regulations, but the e...
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作者：Austen-Smith, D
作者单位：Northwestern University; Northwestern University
摘要：Among other activities, democratic governments redistribute resources directly through tax schemes that explicitly benefit the poor and indirectly through subsidizing particular goods and services that do not. Indeed, in some cases the effective redistribution under subsidy policies is clearly away from the poor. This paper studies when a majority might prefer subsidy policies over direct income redistribution in economies with mean greater than median income. The main result is a set of neces...
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作者：Bjorvatn, K; Cappelen, AW
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH)
摘要：Mainstream economic theory predicts that countries with large inequalities in pre-tax income distribution will be more redistributive than countries which are more equal in this respect. Empirical studies, however, offer no strong support for this theoretical prediction. In fact, a number of studies indicate that the opposite may be true, namely that countries which are more equal in terms of pre-tax income distribution are more redistributive than less egalitarian societies. The present paper...
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作者：Corneo, G; Rob, R
作者单位：University Osnabruck; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：develop a theoretical framework for comparing incentives, labor productivity and the allocation of effort in public versus private enterprises. We incorporate 'socializing', an activity which yields utility for workers and affects a firm's output, into a multitask model of work organization. We establish the two following results. First, the optimal workers' compensation policy displays a larger incentive intensity in the private firm than in the public firm. Second, labor productivity in the ...
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作者：Jappelli, T; Pistaferri, L
作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; University of Salerno; University of Salerno
摘要：The theoretical literature suggests that taxation can have a large impact on household portfolio selection and allocation. In this paper we analyze the tax treatment of life insurance, considering the cancellation of tax incentives in Italian life insurance contracts for investors with high marginal tax rates and the introduction of incentives for those with low rates. Using repeated cross-sectional data from 1989 to 1998, we find that the tax reforms had no effect on the decision to invest in...
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作者：Kim, Y
作者单位：Yonsei University
摘要：This paper incorporates continuous income distribution into the stigma-based model of tax compliance. The paper investigates the effect of income distribution on the existence of multiple equilibria, and characterizes the conditions under which multiple equilibria emerge. Precisely, multiple equilibria exist if taxpayer incomes are sufficiently homogeneous, because the 'social coordination effect' dominates the 'individual characteristics effect'. Numerical simulations show that the main propo...
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作者：Boyer, M
作者单位：Universite de Montreal; Polytechnique Montreal; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Institut Universitaire de France; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole
摘要：We consider a regulation problem with complete contracting in a principal-agent model with adverse selection and review within this model the various channels by which external competition parameters affect incentives within the regulated firm. The channels are: the principal's information, the principal's objective function, the agent's incentive constraint, the agent's participation constraint. We consider in particular a better information structure, a threat of liquidation, a fight for tal...
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作者：Devereux, MP; Lanot, G
作者单位：University of Warwick; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Keele University
摘要：This paper derives measures of the average and marginal incidence of a tax or subsidy in imperfect competition, in the context of the UK housing market. We argue that one form of mortgage, common in the UK but not elsewhere (the endowment mortgage), exists primarily because of the structure of taxation in the UK. We estimate the determinants of the choice of the type of mortgage, and the size of mortgage conditional on the choice, using data from the Building Societies Association on 43 000 in...
