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作者：Adams, Laurel; Regibeau, Pierre; Rockett, Katharine
作者单位：Imperial College London; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of Essex
摘要：A national authority wishes to attract foreign direct investment (FDI) to create local jobs. We analyse the optimal national trade policy when local authorities might offer subsidies to convince a multi-national enterprise (MNE) to invest in their jurisdiction. With centralised decision-making or with allocation of investment to particular localities, the central authority's optimal policy is to use a high tariff to avoid payment of any subsidy to the MNE. Despite this, some socially undesirab...
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作者：Han, Yutao; Pieretti, Patrice; Zanaj, Skerdilajda; Zou, Benteng
作者单位：University of International Business & Economics; University of Luxembourg
摘要：This paper analyzes the impact of foreign investments on a small country's economy in the context of international competition. To that end, we model tax and public input competition within a differential game framework between two unequally sized countries. The model accounts for the widely recognized characteristic that small states are more flexible in their political decision-making than larger countries. However, we also acknowledge that small size is associated with limited institutional...
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作者：Crawford, Rowena; Disney, Richard
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of London; University College London
摘要：We analyse pension reforms for police officers in England and Wales using force-level data. We quantify the impact on overall police pension plan liabilities, examining incidence across police officers, national and local taxpayers. We also examine reforms of retirement rules, especially concerning early retirement on grounds of ill-health. Differences in ill-health retirement across forces are statistically related to area-specific stresses of policing and force-specific human resource polici...
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作者：Beekman, Gonne; Bulte, Erwin; Nillesen, Eleonora
作者单位：Wageningen University & Research; Maastricht University
摘要：We analyze how corruption affects incentives to invest or contribute to public goods. We obtain a proxy for corruption among Liberian community leaders by keeping track of a flow of inputs associated with a development intervention, measuring these inputs before and after giving them in custody to the chief. We then use the gap between these measurements (missing inputs) to explain variation in investment behavior of villagers. Investment behavior is gauged with two simple artefactual field ex...
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作者：Scharf, Kimberley
作者单位：University of Warwick
摘要：We show that warm-glow motives in provision by competing suppliers can lead to inefficient charity selection. In these situations, discretionary donor choices can promote efficient charity selection even when provision outcomes are non-verifiable. Government funding arrangements, on the other hand, face verification constraints that make them less flexible relative to private donations. Switching from direct grants to government subsidies for private donations can thus produce a positive pro-c...
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作者：Chakrabarti, Rajashri
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - New York
摘要：NCLB mandated the institution of Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) objectives, and schools are assigned an AYP pass/fail based on performance in these objectives. AYP-fail status is associated with negative publicity and often sanctions. Using data from Wisconsin and alternate regression discontinuity designs, I study the incentives and responses of schools that failed AYP once. Math-induced AYP-failures showed strong improvements in math, while reading-induced AYP-failures showed marked improvem...
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作者：Hendricks, Matthew D.
作者单位：University of Tulsa
摘要：This study presents robust evidence on the relationship between teacher pay and turnover using detailed panel data from Texas. While controlling for changes in district and local labor market characteristics, I estimate an overall turnover elasticity of - 1.4 and show that the effect is largest for inexperienced teachers, declines with experience, and disappears around 19 years of experience. Combining these results with what we know about the relationship between teacher value-added and exper...
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作者：Deb, Rahul; Gazzale, Robert S.; Kotchen, Matthew J.
作者单位：University of Toronto; Yale University
摘要：A large economics literature seeks to understand the reasons why individuals make charitable contributions. Fundamental features of most models of charitable giving are the inclusion of externalities induced by other agents and the Lancasterian characteristics approach to specifying utility functions. This paper develops a general, revealed-preference methodology for testing a variety of preference structures that allow for both externalities and characteristics. The tests are simple linear pr...
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作者：Brodaty, Thomas; Gary-Bobo, Robert J.; Prieto, Ana
作者单位：CY Cergy Paris Universite; Universite Gustave-Eiffel; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris
摘要：We study a model in which a student's investment in education maximizes expected utility conditional on public and private information. The model takes future wage risk into account and treats the direct and opportunity costs of education as additional sources of risk. In particular, the time needed to complete a degree is random. The data show that time-to-degree is substantially dispersed, conditional on the highest degree. We find significant and substantial effects of expected returns on i...
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作者：Dal Bo, Ernesto; Dal Bo, Pedro
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research; Brown University
摘要：The use of moral appeals to affect the behavior of others is pervasive (from the pulpit to ethics classes) but little is known about the effects of moral suasion on behavior. In a series of experiments we study whether moral suasion affects behavior in voluntary contribution games and the mechanisms by which behavior is altered. We find that observing a message with a moral standard according to the golden rule or, alternatively, utilitarian philosophy, results in a significant but transitory ...
