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作者：Daniele, Gianmarco; Galletta, Sergio; Geys, Benny
作者单位：University of Milan; University of Bergamo; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; BI Norwegian Business School
摘要：Political scandals often trigger responses from voters and the implicated politicians. In this article, we extend the analysis to politicians who are only indirectly affected by a scandal through their affiliation with the involved party. Overcoming endogeneity concerns by analyzing the local implications of the largest national scandal in recent Italian history (Clean Hands), our main results show that local politicians withdraw support from incumbents in parties hit by Clean Hands - inducing...
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作者：Couch, Kenneth A.; Fairlie, Robert W.; Xu, Huanan
作者单位：University of Connecticut; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; National Bureau of Economic Research; Indiana University System; Indiana University South Bend
摘要：This paper provides early evidence of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on minority unemployment in the United States. In the first month following March adoptions of social distancing measures by states, unemployment rose to 14.5% but a much higher 24.4% when we correct for potential data misclassification noted by the BLS. Using the official definition, unemployment in April 2020 among African-Americans rose by less than what would have been anticipated (to 16.6%) based on previous recess...
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作者：Kelly, Andrea; Lindo, Jason M.; Packham, Analisa
作者单位：Grinnell College; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; National Bureau of Economic Research; Vanderbilt University
摘要：We estimate the effect of Colorado's Family Planning Initiative, which provided funds to Title X clinics to offer long-acting reversible contraceptives to low-income women. We find substantial effects on childbearing, concentrated among women in zip codes within 7 miles of clinics: the initiative reduced births by approximately 20% for 15-19 year olds. We also estimate effects of extensive media coverage in 2014 and 2015, and find a substantial increase in LARC insertions, extended effects on ...
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作者：Goldin, Jacob; Homonoff, Tatiana; Patterson, Richard; Skimmyhorn, William
摘要：Deciding how much to save for retirement can be complicated. Drawing on a field experiment conducted with the Department of Defense, we study whether such complexity depresses participation in an employer-sponsored retirement saving plan. We find that simplifying one dimension of the enrollment decision, by highlighting a potential rate at which non-participants might contribute, increases participation in the plan. Similar communications that did not include a highlighted rate yield smaller e...
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作者：Agarwal, Sumit; Li, Keyang; Qin, Yu; Wu, Jing; Yan, Jubo
作者单位：National University of Singapore; Tsinghua University; National University of Singapore; Nanyang Technological University
摘要：In this study, we exploit a policy shock that differentially increased capital gains taxes for housing units with holding period less than 5 years, and document tax avoidance and tax evasion in the residential resale market in China. We show suggestive evidence that after the capital gains tax increase, resale transactions exhibit more bunching above 5 years of holding period, but the responses arc small and imprecisely estimated. More importantly, using precise information of both the actual ...
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作者：Prummer, Anja
作者单位：University of London; Queen Mary University London
摘要：This paper connects the rise in polarization to changes in media technology, which allow for higher precision in the advertising strategy of candidates. Candidates place ads in media outlets whose audiences differ in ideology and size. We develop the concept of media centrality, which takes into account differences in the media network and in ideology. Media centrality leads to a simple characterization of both the optimal targeting strategy and policy. We show that generally a more fragmented...
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作者：Aaberge, Rolf; Atkinson, Anthony B.; Modalsli, Jorgen
作者单位：Statistics Norway; University of Oxford; Oslo Metropolitan University (OsloMet)
摘要：Most evidence on the long-run evolution of income inequality is restricted to top income shares. While this evidence is relevant and important for studying the concentration of economic power, it is incomplete as an informational basis for analysing inequality in the income distribution as a whole. This paper proposes a non-parametric approach for estimating inequality in the overall distribution of income on the basis of tabular data from different sources, some in a highly aggregated form. T...
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作者：Anderson, Michael L.; Davis, Lucas W.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：There is a widely-held view that as demand for travel goes up, this decreases not only speed but also the capacity of the road system, a phenomenon known as hypercongestion. We revisit this idea in the context of highway bottlenecks. We propose an empirical test using an event study design to measure changes in highway capacity at the onset of queue formation. We apply this test to three highway bottlenecks in California for which detailed data on traffic flows and vehicles speeds are availabl...
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作者：Ang, Amanda; Christensen, Peter; Vieira, Renato
作者单位：University of Southern California; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Universidade Catolica de Brasilia
摘要：Road accidents are the leading cause of unnatural deaths worldwide. Cities are experimenting with more stringent speed limits in an effort to reduce them. The impacts of these policies are unclear in many developing country cities, where a disproportionate share of accident damages occur but also where speed regulations could exacerbate already high levels of congestion. We evaluate a speed limit reduction program in Sao Paulo, Brazil using a dynamic event study design and measurements of 125 ...
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作者：Attanasio, Orazio; Blundell, Richard; Conti, Gabriella; Mason, Giacomo
作者单位：University of London; University College London; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：We examine changes in inequality in socio-emotional skills very early in life in two British cohorts born 30 years apart. We construct comparable scales using two validated instruments for themeasurement of child behaviour and identify two dimensions of socio-emotional skills: `internalising' and `externalising'. Using recent methodological advances in factor analysis, we establish comparability in the inequality of these early skills across cohorts, but not in their average level. We document...
