18期

最新文章

• Negative correlation between soil salinity and soil organic carbon variability AI翻译
  作者：Hassani, Amirhossein; Smith, Pete; Shokri, Nima
  作者单位：NILU; University of Aberdeen; Hamburg University of Technology
  摘要：Soil organic carbon (SOC) is vital for terrestrial ecosystems, affecting biogeochemical processes, and soil health. It is known that soil salinity impacts SOC content, yet the specific direction and magnitude of SOC variability in relation to soil salinity remain poorly understood. Analyzing 43,459 mineral soil samples (SOC < 150 g kg(-1)) collected across different land covers since 1992, we approximate a soil salinity increase from 1 to 5 dS m(-1) in croplands would be associated with a decl...
• Changes in well- being among socially isolated older people during the COVID-19 pandemic: An outcome- wide analysis AI翻译
  作者：Kung, Claryn S. J.; Steptoe, Andrew
  作者单位：University of London; University College London
  摘要：Older adults experienced major changes during the COVID - 19 pandemic and ensuing restrictions, and it might be expected that those who were already socially isolated before the pandemic were particularly vulnerable. We apply an outcome - wide longitudinal design on 4,636 participants (mean age 66.8 y) from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, observed in 2018/19 and early (June/July 2020) and later (November/ December 2020) in the pandemic. Social isolation is defined using an index incl...
• Massive seasonal high- altitude migrations of nocturnal insects above the agricultural plains of East China AI翻译
  作者：Huang, Jianrong; Feng, Hongqiang; Drake, V. Alistair; Reynolds, Don R.; Gao, Boya; Chen, Fajun; Zhang, Guoyan; Zhu, Junsheng; Gao, Yuebo; Zhai, Baoping; Li, Guoping; Tian, Caihong; Huang, Bo; Hu, Gao; Chapman, Jason W.
  作者单位：Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences; University of Exeter; University of New South Wales Sydney; University of Canberra; University of Greenwich; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); Rothamsted Research; Nanjing Agricultural University; Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences
  摘要：Long - distance migrations of insects contribute to ecosystem functioning but also have important economic impacts when the migrants are pests or provide ecosystem services. We combined radar monitoring, aerial sampling, and searchlight trapping, to quantify the annual pattern of nocturnal insect migration above the densely populated agricultural lands of East China. A total of - 9.3 trillion nocturnal insect migrants (15,000 t of biomass), predominantly Lepidoptera, Hemiptera, and Diptera, in...
• Brain-inspired computing with fluidic iontronic nanochannels AI翻译
  作者：Kamsma, Tim M.; Kim, Jaehyun; Kim, Kyungjun; Boon, Willem Q.; Spitoni, Cristian; Park, Jungyul; van Roij, Rene
  作者单位：Utrecht University; Utrecht University; Sogang University
  摘要：The brain's remarkable and efficient information processing capability is driving research into brain -inspired (neuromorphic) computing paradigms. Artificial aqueous ion channels are emerging as an exciting platform for neuromorphic computing, representing a departure from conventional solid-state devices by directly mimicking the brain's fluidic ion transport. Supported by a quantitative theoretical model, we present easy -to -fabricate tapered microchannels that embed a conducting network o...
• Thermodynamic crossovers in supercritical fluids AI翻译
  作者：Li, Xinyang; Jin, Yuliang
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Theoretical Physics, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS
  摘要：Can liquid-like and gas-like states be distinguished beyond the critical point, where the liquid-gas phase transition no longer exists and conventionally only a single supercritical fluid phase is defined? Recent experiments and simulations report strong evidence of dynamical crossovers above the critical temperature and pressure. Despite using different criteria, many existing theoretical explanations consider a single crossover line separating liquid-like and gas-like states in the supercrit...
• Impedance of nanocapacitors from molecular simulations to understand the dynamics of confined electrolytes AI翻译
  作者：Pireddu, Giovanni; Fairchild, Connie J.; Niblett, Samuel P.; Cox, Stephen J.; Rotenberg, Benjamin
  作者单位：Sorbonne Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); University of Cambridge; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Chemistry (INC)
  摘要：Nanoelectrochemical devices have become a promising candidate technology across various applications, including sensing and energy storage, and provide new platforms for studying fundamental properties of electrode/electrolyte interfaces. In this work, we employ constant -potential molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the impedance of gold -aqueous electrolyte nanocapacitors, exploiting a recently introduced fluctuation-dissipation relation. In particular, we relate the frequency -dep...
• Net zero may need a rethink to keep climate targets within reach AI翻译
  作者：Battersby, Stephen
• Babbling opens the sensory phase for imitative vocal learning AI翻译
  作者：Leitao, Albertine; Gahr, Manfred
  摘要：Zebra finches, a species of songbirds, learn to sing by creating an auditory template through the memorization of model songs (sensory learning phase) and subsequently translating these perceptual memories into motor skills (sensorimotor learning phase). It has been traditionally believed that babbling in juvenile birds initiates the sensorimotor phase while the sensory phase of song learning precedes the onset of babbling. However, our findings challenge this notion by demonstrating that test...
• Intranasal neomycin evokes broad- spectrum antiviral immunity in the upper respiratory tract AI翻译
  作者：Mao, Tianyang; Kim, Jooyoung; Pena-Hernandez, Mario A.; Valle, Gabrielee; Moriyama, Miyu; Luyten, Sophia; Ott, Isabel M.; Gomez-Calvo, Maria Luisa; Gehlhausen, Jeff R.; Baker, Emily; Israelow, Benjamin; Slade, Martin; Sharma, Lokesh; Liu, Wei; Ryu, Changwan; Korde, Asawari; Lee, Chris J.; Monteiro, Valter Silva; Lucas, Carolina; Dong, Huiping; Yang, Yi; Gopinath, Smita; Wilen, Craig B.; Palm, Noah; Cruz, Charles S. Dela; Iwasaki, Akiko
  作者单位：Yale University; Yale University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; Yale University; Yale University; Yale University; Yale University; Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Yale University; US Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration (VHA); VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System; Yale University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
  摘要：Respiratory virus infections in humans cause a broad - spectrum of diseases that result in substantial morbidity and mortality annually worldwide. To reduce the global burden of respiratory viral diseases, preventative and therapeutic interventions that are accessible and effective are urgently needed, especially in countries that are disproportionately affected. Repurposing generic medicine has the potential to bring new treatments for infectious diseases to patients efficiently and equitably...
• Evolution of system connectivity to support food production in the Indus Basin in Pakistan AI翻译
  作者：Siddiqi, Afreen; Selin, Noelle E.; Agrawal, Arun
  作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
  摘要：Sustainability challenges related to food production arise from multiple nature - society interactions occurring over long time periods. Traditional methods of quantitative analysis do not represent long - term changes in the networks of system components, including institutions and knowledge that affect system behavior. Here, we develop an approach to study system structure and evolution by combining a qualitative framework that represents sustainability - relevant human, technological, and e...