27期

最新文章

• Modular binder technology by NGS- aided, high- resolution selection in yeast of designed armadillo modules AI翻译
  作者：Stark, Yvonne; Menard, Faye; Jeliazkov, Jeliazko R.; Ernst, Patrick; Chembath, Anupama; Ashraf, Mohammed; Hine, Anna V.; Pluckthun, Andreas
  作者单位：University of Zurich; Aston University; University of Zurich
  摘要：in silico from individual modules to, in principle, recognize any desired linear epitope without going through a selection and hit- validation process, given a set of preexisting, amino acid-specific modules. Designed armadillo repeat proteins (dArmRP) have been developed as modular binder scaffolds, and we report here the generation of highly specific dArmRP modules by yeast surface display selection, performed on a rationally designed dArmRP library. A selection strategy was developed to dis...
• The epithelial C15ORF48/miR-147-NDUFA4 axis is an essential regulator of gut inflammation, energy metabolism, and the microbiome AI翻译
  作者：Xiong, Min; Liu, Ze; Wang, Bintao; Sokolich, Thomas; Graham, Natalie; Chen, Meirong; Wang, Wei-Le; Boldin, Mark P.
  作者单位：City of Hope; Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope; University of Southern California; China Pharmaceutical University
  摘要：Chronic inflammation is epidemiologically linked to the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). However, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms controlling gut inflammation remains insufficient, hindering the development of targeted therapies for IBD and CRC. In this study, we uncovered C15ORF48/miR - 147 as a negative regulator of gut inflammation, operating through the modulation of epithelial cell metabolism. ...
• Spike- timing- dependent plasticity induction reveals dissociable supplementary- and premotor-motor pathways to automatic imitation AI翻译
  作者：Turrini, Sonia; Fiori, Francesca; Bevacqua, Naomi; Saracini, Chiara; Lucero, Boris; Candidi, Matteo; Avenanti, Alessio
  作者单位：University of Bologna; University Campus Bio-Medico - Rome Italy; Sapienza University Rome; Universidad Catolica del Maule
  摘要：Humans tend to spontaneously imitate others' behavior, even when detrimental to the task at hand. The action observation network (AON) is consistently recruited during imitative tasks. However, whether automatic imitation is mediated by cortico - cortical projections from AON regions to the primary motor cortex (M1) remains speculative. Similarly, the potentially dissociable role of AON - to - M1 pathways involving the ventral premotor cortex (PMv) or supplementary motor area (SMA) in automati...
• Explaining neural scaling laws AI翻译
  作者：Bahri, Yasaman; Dyer, Ethan; Kaplan, Jared; Lee, Jaehoon; Sharma, Utkarsh
  作者单位：Alphabet Inc.; DeepMind; Johns Hopkins University
  摘要：The population loss of trained deep neural networks often follows precise power -law scaling relations with either the size of the training dataset or the number of parameters in the network. We propose a theory that explains the origins of and connects these scaling laws. We identify variance -limited and resolution -limited scaling behavior for both dataset and model size, for a total of four scaling regimes. The variance -limited scaling follows simply from the existence of a well-behaved i...
• Multiple evolutionary pressures shape identical consonant avoidance in the world's languages AI翻译
  作者：Cathcart, Chundra A.
  作者单位：University of Zurich; University of Zurich; Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen
  摘要：Languages disfavor word forms containing sequences of similar or identical consonants, due to the biomechanical and cognitive difficulties posed by patterns of this sort. However, the specific evolutionary processes responsible for this phenomenon are not fully understood. Words containing sequences of identical consonants may be more likely to arise than those without; processes of word form mutation may be more likely to remove than create sequences of identical consonants in word forms; fin...
• Why we need long- term monitoring to understand ecosystem change AI翻译
  作者：Hollister, Robert D.
  作者单位：Grand Valley State University
• Climate forcing controls on carbon terrestrial fluxes during shale weathering AI翻译
  作者：Stolze, Lucien; Arora, Bhavna; Dwivedi, Dipankar; Steefel, Carl I.; Bandai, Toshiyuki; Wu, Yuxin; Nico, Peter
  作者单位：United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
  摘要：Climate influences near-surface biogeochemical processes and thereby determines the partitioning of carbon dioxide (CO2) in shale, and yet the controls on carbon (C) weathering fluxes remain poorly constrained. Using a dataset that characterizes biogeochemical responses to climate forcing in shale regolith, we implement a numerical model that describes the effects of water infiltration events, gas exchange, and temperature fluctuations on soil respiration and mineral weathering at a seasonal t...
• An aggregated mitochondrial distribution in preimplantation embryos disrupts nuclear morphology, function, and developmental potential AI翻译
  作者：Lee, In-Won; Tazehkand, Abbas Pirpour; Sha, Zi-Yi; Adhikari, Deepak; Carroll, John
  作者单位：Monash University
  摘要：A dispersed cytoplasmic distribution of mitochondria is a hallmark of normal cellular organization. Here, we have utilized the expression of exogenous Trak2 in mouse oocytes and embryos to disrupt the dispersed distribution of mitochondria by driving them into a large cytoplasmic aggregate. Our findings reveal that aggregated mitochondria have minimal impact on asymmetric meiotic cell divisions of the oocyte. In contrast, aggregated mitochondria during the first mitotic division result in daug...
• Genomic structural variation contributes to evolved changes in gene expression in high- altitude Tibetan sheep AI翻译
  作者：Liang, Xiaolong; Duan, Qijiao; Li, Bowen; Wang, Yinjia; Bu, Yueting; Zhang, Yonglu; Kuang, Zhuoran; Mao, Leyan; An, Xuan; Wang, Huihua; Yang, Xiaojie; Wan, Na; Feng, Zhilong; Shen, Wei; Miao, Weilan; Chen, Jiaqi; Liu, Sanyuan; Storz, Jay F.; Liu, Jianquan; Nevo, Eviatar; Li, Kexin
  作者单位：Lanzhou University; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Institute of Animal Science, CAAS; University of Nebraska System; University of Nebraska Lincoln; University of Haifa
  摘要：Tibetan sheep were introduced to the Qinghai Tibet plateau roughly 3,000 B.P., making this species a good model for investigating genetic mechanisms of high - altitude adaptation over a relatively short timescale. Here, we characterize genomic structural variants (SVs) that distinguish Tibetan sheep from closely related, low - altitude Hu sheep, and we examine associated changes in tissue - specific gene expression. We document differentiation between the two sheep breeds in frequencies of SVs...
• Chemical composition from photos: Dried solution drops reveal a morphogenetic tree AI翻译
  作者：Batista, Bruno C.; Tekle, Semhare D.; Yan, Jie; Dangi, Beni B.; Steinbock, Oliver
  作者单位：State University System of Florida; Florida State University; University System of Maryland; Bowie State University; State University System of Florida; Florida A&M University; Florida State University
  摘要：Under nonequilibrium conditions, inorganic systems can produce a wealth of life - like shapes and patterns which, compared to well- formed crystalline materials, remain widely unexplored. A seemingly simple example is the formation of salt deposits during the evaporation of sessile droplets. These evaporites show great variations in their specific patterns including single rings, creep, small crystals, fractals, and featureless disks. We have explored the patterns of 42 different salts at othe...