30期

最新文章

• Time- scale invariant contingency yields one- shot reinforcement learning despite extremely long delays to reinforcement AI翻译
  作者：Gallistel, Charles R.; Shahan, Timothy A.
  作者单位：Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Utah System of Higher Education; Utah State University
  摘要：Reinforcement learning inspires much theorizing in neuroscience, cognitive science, machine learning, and AI. A central question concerns the conditions that produce the perception of a contingency between an action and reinforcement-the assignment- of- credit problem. Contemporary models of associative and reinforcement learning do not leverage the temporal metrics (measured intervals). Our information- theoretic approach formalizes contingency by time- scale invariant temporal mutual informa...
• Direct observation correlates NFκB cRel in B cells with activating and terminating their proliferative program AI翻译
  作者：Narayanan, Haripriya Vaidehi; Xiang, Mark Y.; Chen, Yijia; Huang, Helen; Roy, Sukanya; Makkar, Himani; Hoffmann, Alexander; Roy, Koushik
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah
  摘要：Antibody responses require the proliferative expansion of B cells controlled by affinity- dependent signals. Yet, proliferative bursts are heterogeneous, varying between 0 and 8 divisions in response to the same stimulus. NF kappa B cRel is activated in response to immune stimulation in B cells and is genetically required for proliferation. Here, we asked whether proliferative heterogeneity is controlled by natural variations in cRel abundance. We developed a fluorescent reporter mTFP1- cRel f...
• Bacterial outer membrane vesicle nanorobot AI翻译
  作者：Tang, Songsong; Tang, Daitian; Zhou, Houhong; Li, Yangyang; Zhou, Dewang; Peng, Xiqi; Ren, Chunyu; Su, Yilin; Zhang, Shaohua; Zheng, Haoxiang; Wan, Fangchen; Yoo, Jounghyun; Han, Hong; Ma, Xiaotian; Gao, Wei; Wu, Song
  作者单位：Shenzhen University; California Institute of Technology; Shenzhen University; Shantou University
  摘要：Autonomous nanorobots represent an advanced tool for precision therapy to improve therapeutic efficacy. However, current nanorobotic designs primarily rely on inorganic materials with compromised biocompatibility and limited biological functions. Here, we introduce enzyme- powered bacterial outer membrane vesicle (OMV) nanorobots. The immobilized urease on the OMV membrane catalyzes the decomposition of bioavailable urea, generating effective propulsion for nanorobots. This OMV nanorobot prese...
• Training neural networks using physical equations of motion AI翻译
  作者：Xiao, T. Patrick
  作者单位：United States Department of Energy (DOE); Sandia National Laboratories
• Dibutyl phthalate released by solitary female locusts mediates sexual communication at low density AI翻译
  作者：Cui, Weichan; Ge, Jin; Chen, Dafeng; Nie, Xin; Dong, Liushu; Wang, Xianhui; Kang, Le
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Zoology, CAS; China Agricultural University; Hebei University
  摘要：Sex pheromones play a crucial role in mate location and reproductive success. Insects face challenges in finding mates in low- density environments. The population dynamics of locusts vary greatly, ranging from solitary individuals to high- density swarms, leading to multiple- trait divergence between solitary and gregarious phases. However, differences in sexual communication between solitary and gregarious locusts have not been sufficiently explored. Herein, we found that solitary locusts bu...
• A silicon diode-based optoelectronic interface for bidirectional neural modulation AI翻译
  作者：Fu, Xin; Hu, Zhengwei; Li, Wenjun; Ma, Liang; Chen, Junyu; Liu, Muyang; Liu, Jie; Hu, Shuhan; Wang, Huachun; Huang, Yunxiang; Tang, Guo; Zhang, Bozhen; Cai, Xue; Wang, Yuqi; Li, Lizhu; Ma, Jian; Shi, Song - Hai; Yin, Lan; Zhang, Hao; Li, Xiaojian; Sheng, Xing
  作者单位：Tsinghua University; Tsinghua University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, CAS; Tsinghua University; Tsinghua University; Sun Yat Sen University
  摘要：The development of advanced neural modulation techniques is crucial to neuroscience research and neuroengineering applications. Recently, optical- based, nongenetic modulation approaches have been actively investigated to remotely interrogate the nervous system with high precision. Here, we show that a thin- film, silicon (Si)- based diode device is capable to bidirectionally regulate in vitro and in vivo neural activities upon adjusted illumination. When exposed to high- power and short- puls...
• SRSF1 interactome determined by proximity labeling reveals direct interaction with spliceosomal RNA helicase DDX23 (vol 121, e2322974121, 2024) AI翻译
  作者：Segovia, Danilo; Adams, Dexter W.; Hoffman, Nickolas; Tepes, Polona Safaric; Wee, Tse- Luen; Cifani, Paolo; Joshua-Tor, Leemor; Krainer, Adrian R.
• A therapy for suppressing canonical and noncanonical SARS-CoV-2 viral entry and an intrinsic intrapulmonary inflammatory response AI翻译
  作者：Leibel, Sandra L.; Mcvicar, Rachael N.; Murad, Rabi; Kwong, Elizabeth M.; Clark, Alex E.; Alvarado, Asuka; Grimmig, Bethany A.; Nuryyev, Ruslan; Young, Randee E.; Lee, Jamie C.; Peng, Weiqi; Zhu, Yanfang P.; Griffis, Eric; Nowell, Cameron J.; James, Brian; Alarcon, Suzie; Malhotra, Atul; Gearing, Linden J.; Hertzog, Paul J.; Galapate, Cheska M.; Galenkamp, Koen M. O.; Commisso, Cosimo; Smith, Davey M.; Sun, Xin; Carlin, Aaron F.; Sidman, Richard L.; Croker, Ben A.; Snyder, Evan Y.
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego; La Jolla Institute for Immunology; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Hudson Institute of Medical Research; Monash University; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
  摘要：The prevalence of long COVID is just one of the conundrums highlighting how little we know about the lung's response to viral infection, particularly to syndromecoronavirus-2 (SARS- CoV-2), for which the lung is the point of entry.We used an in vitro human lung system to enable a prospective, unbiased, sequential single- cell level analysis of pulmonary cell responses to infection by multiple SARS-CoV-2 strains. Starting with human induced pluripotent stem cells and emulating lung organogenesi...
• On the friendship paradox and inversity: A network property with applications to privacy-sensitive network interventions AI翻译
  作者：Kumar, Vineet; Krackhardt, David; Feld, Scott
  作者单位：Yale University; Purdue University System; Purdue University
  摘要：We provide the mathematical and empirical foundations of the friendship paradox in networks, often stated as Your friends have more friends than you. We prove a set of network properties on friends of friends and characterize the concepts of ego- based and alter-based means. We propose a network property called inversity that quantifies the imbalance in degrees across edges and prove that the sign of inversity determines the ordering between ego-based or alter-based means for any network, with...
• Amoebozoan testate amoebae illuminate the diversity of heterotrophs and the complexity of ecosystems throughout geological time AI翻译
  作者：Porfirio-Sousa, Alfredo L.; Tice, Alexander K.; Morais, Luana; Ribeiro, Giulia M.; Blandenier, Quentin; Dumack, Kenneth; Eglit, Yana; Fry, Nicholas W.; Souza, Maria Beatriz Gomes E.; Henderson, Tristan C.; Kleitz-Singleton, Felicity; Singer, David; Brown, Matthew W.; Lahr, Daniel J. G.
  作者单位：Universidade de Sao Paulo; Mississippi State University; Texas Tech University System; Texas Tech University; Universidade de Sao Paulo; Universidade Estadual Paulista; University of Cologne; Dalhousie University; Dalhousie University; University of Victoria; Mississippi State University
  摘要：Heterotrophic protists are vital in Earth's ecosystems, influencing carbon and nutrient cycles and occupying key positions in food webs as microbial predators. Fossils and molecular data suggest the emergence of predatory microeukaryotes and the transition to a eukaryote- rich marine environment by 800 million years ago (Ma). Neoproterozoic vase- shaped microfossils (VSMs) linked to Arcellinida testate amoebae represent the oldest evidence of heterotrophic microeukaryotes. This study explores ...