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作者：Li, Jiaxin; Xu, Chengxin; Xu, Zifu; Xu, Guoqiang; Yang, Shuihua; Liu, Kaipeng; Chen, Jianfeng; Li, Tianlong; Qiu, Cheng - Wei
作者单位：National University of Singapore; Harbin Institute of Technology
摘要：The topological physics has sparked intensive investigations into topological lattices in photonic, acoustic, and mechanical systems, powering counterintuitive effects otherwise inaccessible with usual settings. Following the success of these endeavors in classical wave dynamics, there has been a growing interest in establishing their topological counterparts in diffusion. Here, we propose an additional real- space dimension in diffusion, and the system eigenvalues are transformed from imagina...
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作者：Nishio, Haruki; Ramirez, Dora L. Cano-; Muranaka, Tomoaki; Dantas, Liiza Lane de Barros; Honjo, Mie N.; Sugisaka, Jiro; Kudoh, Hiroshi; Dodd, Antony N.
作者单位：Kyoto University; Shiga University; University of Cambridge; University of Bristol; Nagoya University; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); John Innes Center
摘要：Plants sense and respond to environmental cues during 24 h fluctuations in their environment. This requires the integration of internal cues such as circadian timing with environmental cues such as light and temperature to elicit cellular responses through signal transduction. However, the integration and transduction of circadian and environmental signals by plants growing in natural environments remains poorly understood. To gain insights into 24 h dynamics of environmental signaling in natu...
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作者：Liu, Wei; Lowrey, Harper; Xu, Anxu; Leung, Chun Chung; Adamchek, Christopher; He, Jiangman; Du, Juan; Chen, Meng; Gendron, Joshua M.
作者单位：Yale University; University of California System; University of California Riverside
摘要：The circadian clock is an endogenous oscillator, and its importance lies in its ability to impart rhythmicity on downstream biological processes, or outputs. Our knowledge of output regulation, however, is often limited to an understanding of transcriptional connections between the clock and outputs. For instance, the clock is linked to plant growth through the gating of photoreceptors via rhythmic transcription of the nodal growth regulators, PHYTOCHROME- INTERACTING FACTORs (PIFs), but the c...
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作者：Nader, Charles Bou-; Gaikwad, Swati; Bahmanjah, Soheila; Zhang, Fan; Hinnebusch, Alan G.; Zhang, Jinwei
作者单位：National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases (NIDDK); National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD)
摘要：Protein kinase Gcn2 attenuates protein synthesis in response to amino acid starvation while stimulating translation of a transcriptional activator of amino acid biosynthesis. Gcn2 activation requires a domain related to histidyl-tRNA synthetase (HisRS), the enzyme that aminoacylates tRNAHis. While evidence suggests that deacylated tRNA binds the HisRS domain for kinase activation, ribosomal P- stalk proteins have been implicated as alternative activating ligands on stalled ribosomes. We report...
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作者：Dittmer, Philip J.; Dell'Acqua, Mark L.
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
摘要：Learning and memory require coordinated structural and functional plasticity at neuronal glutamatergic synapses located on dendritic spines. Here, we investigated how the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) controls postsynaptic Ca2+ signaling and long- term potentiation of dendritic spine size, i.e., sLTP that accompanies functional strengthening of glutamatergic synaptic transmission. In most ER- containing (ER+) spines, high- frequency optical glutamate uncaging (HFGU) induced long- lasting sLTP tha...
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作者：Bonomi, Robin; Hillmer, Ansel T.; Woodcock, Eric; Bhatt, Shivani; Rusowicz, Aleksandra; Angarita, Gustavo A.; Carson, Richard E.; Davis, Margaret T.; Esterlis, Irina; Nabulsi, Nabeel; Huang, Yiyun; Krystal, John H.; Pietrzak, Robert H.; Cosgrove, Kelly P.
作者单位：Yale University; Yale University; Yale University; US Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration (VHA); VA Connecticut Healthcare System
摘要：Dynamic brain immune function in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder is rarely studied, despite evidence of peripheral immune dysfunction. Positron emission tomography brain imaging using the radiotracer [11C]PBR28 was used to measure the 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO), a microglial marker, at baseline and 3 h after administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a potent immune activator. Data were acquired in 15 individuals with PTSD and 15 age- matched controls. The PTSD group ex...
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作者：Krause, Tyler B.; Cepko, Constance L.
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
摘要：Viral infection is frequently assayed by ongoing expression of viral genes. These assays fail to identify cells that have been exposed to the virus but limit or inhibit viral replication. To address this limitation, we used a dual- labeling vesicular stomatitis virus (DL-VSV), which has a deletion of the viral glycoprotein gene, to allow evaluation of primary infection outcomes. This virus encodes Cre, which can stably mark any cell with even a minimal level of viral gene expression. Additiona...
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作者：Zhang, Xiaomei; Zhu, Tianyi; Li, Xuemei; Zhao, Hongxia; Lin, Shixian; Huang, Jun; Yang, Bing; Guo, Xing
作者单位：Zhejiang University
摘要：Upon DNA damage, numerous proteins are targeted for ubiquitin- dependent proteasomal degradation, which is an integral part of the DNA repair program. Although details of the ubiquitination processes have been intensively studied, little is known about whether and how the 26S proteasome is regulated in the DNA damage response (DDR). Here, we show that human Rpn10/PSMD4, one of the three ubiquitin receptors of the 26S proteasome, is rapidly phosphorylated in response to different types of DNA d...
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作者：Faulkner, Mary E.; Gong, Zhaoyuan; Bilgel, Murat; Laporte, John P.; Guo, Alex; Bae, Jonghyun; Palchamy, Elango; Kaileh, Mary; Bergeron, Christopher M.; Bergeron, Jan; Church, Sarah; D'Agostino, Jarod; Ferrucci, Luigi; Bouhrara, Mustapha
作者单位：National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute on Aging (NIA); National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute on Aging (NIA); National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute on Aging (NIA); National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute on Aging (NIA)
摘要：Emerging evidence suggests that altered myelination is an important pathophysiologic correlate of several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer and Parkinson's diseases. Thus, improving myelin integrity may be an effective intervention to prevent and treat age- associated neurodegenerative pathologies. It has been suggested that cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) may preserve and enhance cerebral myelination throughout the adult lifespan, but this hypothesis has not been fully tested. A...
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作者：Shah, Shraddha; Hembrook-Short, Jacqueline; Mock, Vanessa; Briggs, Farran
作者单位：University of Rochester; Baylor College of Medicine; Dartmouth College; University of Rochester; University of Rochester; University of Rochester; University of Rochester
摘要：Visual cortical neurons show variability in their responses to repeated presentations of a stimulus and a portion of this variability is shared across neurons. Attention may enhance visual perception by reducing shared spiking variability. However, shared variability and its attentional modulation are not consistent within or across cortical areas, and depend on additional factors such as neuronal type. A critical factor that has not been tested is actual anatomical connectivity. We measured s...
