-
作者：Acacio, Marta; Gahm, Kaija; Anglister, Nili; Vaadia, Gideon; Hatzofe, Ohad; Harel, Roi; Efrat, Ron; Nathan, Ran; Pinter-Wollman, Noa; Spiegel, Orr
作者单位：Tel Aviv University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Max Planck Society; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Hebrew University of Jerusalem
摘要：Studying the mechanisms shaping age- related changes in behavior (behavioral aging) is important for understanding population dynamics in our changing world. Yet, studies that capture within- individual behavioral changes in wild populations of long- lived animals are still scarce. Here, we used a 15- y GPS- tracking dataset of a social obligate scavenger, the griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus), to investigate age- related changes in movement and social behaviors, and disentangle the role of behavi...
-
作者：Radakovic, Aleksandar; Lewicka, Anna; Todisco, Marco; Aitken, Harry R. M.; Weiss, Zoe; Kim, Shannon; Bannan, Abdullah; Piccirilli, Joseph A.; Szostak, Jack W.
作者单位：University of Chicago; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; University of Chicago; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard University
摘要：Coded ribosomal peptide synthesis could not have evolved unless its sequence and amino acid-specific aminoacylated tRNA substrates already existed. We therefore wondered whether aminoacylated RNAs might have served some primordial function prior to their role in protein synthesis. Here, we show that specific RNA sequences can be nonenzymatically aminoacylated and ligated to produce amino acid-bridged stem- loop RNAs. We used deep sequencing to identify RNAs that undergo highly efficient glycin...
-
作者：Dahal, Ankit; Hong, Yeonsun; Mathew, Jocelyn S.; Geber, Adam; Eckl, Sarah; Renner, Stephanie; Sailer, Cooper J.; Ryan, Allison T.; Mir, Sana; Lim, Kihong; Linehan, David C.; Gerber, Scott A.; Kim, Minsoo
作者单位：University of Rochester; University of Rochester; University of Rochester; University of Rochester
摘要：Chronic inflammatory milieu in the tumor microenvironment (TME) leads to the recruitment and differentiation of myeloid- derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Polymorphonuclear (PMN)- MDSCs, which are phenotypically and morphologically defined as a subset of neutrophils, cause major immune suppression in the TME, posing a significant challenge in the development of effective immunotherapies. Despite recent advances in our understanding of PMN-MDSC functions, the mechanism that gives rise to immuno...
-
作者：Alluri, Rishi K.; Rose, Gary J.; McDowell, Jamie; Mukhopadhyay, Anwesha; Leary, Christopher J.; Graham, Jalina A.; Vasquez-Opazo, Gustavo A.
作者单位：Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of Mississippi; Dartmouth College; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah
摘要：The numerical sense of animals includes identifying the numerosity of a sequence of events that occur with specific intervals, e.g., notes in a call or bar of music. Across nervous systems, the temporal patterning of spikes can code these events, but how this information is decoded (counted) remains elusive. In the anuran auditory system, temporal information of this type is decoded in the midbrain, where interval- counting neurons spike only after at least a threshold number of sound pulses h...
-
作者：Cen, Renyue
作者单位：Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University
摘要：Firmly anchored on observational data, giant radio lobes from massive galaxies hosting supermassive black holes can exert a major negative feedback effect, by endowing the intergalactic gas with significant magnetic pressure hence retarding or preventing gas accretion onto less massive halos in the vicinity. Since massive galaxies that are largely responsible for producing the giant radio lobes, this effect is expected to be stronger in more overdense large-scale environments, such as protoclu...
-
作者：Ryderheim, Fredrik; Olesen, Jorgen; Kiorboe, Thomas
作者单位：Technical University of Denmark; University of Copenhagen
摘要：Coevolution between predator and prey plays a central role in shaping the pelagic realm and may have significant implications for marine ecosystems and nutrient cycling dynamics. The siliceous diatom frustule is often assumed to have coevolved with the silica- lined teeth of copepods, but empirical evidence of how this relationship drives natural selection and evolution is still lacking. Here, we show that feeding on diatoms causes significant wear and tear on copepod teeth and that this leads...
-
作者：Xie, Hong-Yi; Ghaemi, Pouyan; Mitrano, Matteo; Uchoa, Bruno
作者单位：University of Oklahoma System; University of Oklahoma - Norman; City University of New York (CUNY) System; Harvard University
摘要：Excitons are the neutral quasiparticles that form when Coulomb interactions create bound states between electrons and holes. Due to their bosonic nature, excitons are expected to condense and exhibit superfluidity at sufficiently low temperatures. In interacting Chern insulators, excitons may inherit the nontrivial topology and quantum geometry from the underlying electron wavefunctions. We theoretically investigate the excitonic bound states and superfluidity in flat-band insulators pumped wi...
-
作者：Xie, Nicholas; Malt, Andre Landin; Adylkhan, Aray; Rodeman, Natalie; Borges, Ricardo Moraes; Hwang, Diane; Liu, Alice; Smith, Connor; Hogan, Arielle; Lu, Xiaowei
作者单位：University of Virginia; University of Virginia (UVA) Health System
摘要：Intercellular signaling mediated by evolutionarily conserved planar cell polarity (PCP) proteins aligns cell polarity along the tissue plane and drives polarized cell behaviors during tissue morphogenesis. Accumulating evidence indicates that the vertebrate PCP pathway is regulated by noncanonical, f3- catenin- independent Wnt signaling; however, the signaling components and mechanisms are incompletely understood. In the mouse hearing organ, both PCP and noncanonical Wnt (ncWnt) signaling are ...
-
作者：Bo, Tong; Ralston, David K.; Geyer, W. Rockwell; McWilliams, James C.
作者单位：Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：Estuaries, as connectors between land and ocean, have complex interactions of river and tidal flows that affect the transport of buoyant materials like floating plastics, oil spills, organic matter, and larvae. This study investigates surface-trapped buoyant particle transport in estuaries by using idealized and realistic numerical simulations along with a theoretical model. While river discharge and estuarine exchange flow are usually expected to export buoyant particles to the ocean over sub...
-
作者：Hua, Han; Qian, Chao; Xue, Ke; Jorgensen, Raine Georg; Keiluweit, Marco; Liang, Chao; Zhu, Xuefeng; Chen, Ji; Sun, Yishen; Ni, Haowei; Ding, Jixian; Huang, Weigen; Mao, Jingdong; Tan, Rong- Xi; Zhou, Jizhong; Crowther, Thomas W.; Zhou, Zhi-Hua; Zhang, Jiabao; Liang, Yuting
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Nanjing Institute of Soil Science, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Nanjing University; Nanjing University; Universitat Kassel; University of Lausanne; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shenyang Institute of Applied Ecology, CAS; Aarhus University; Aarhus University; Aarhus University; Old Dominion University; University of Oklahoma System; University of Oklahoma - Norman; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich
摘要：Soil organic carbon (SOC) is the largest carbon pool in terrestrial ecosystems and plays a crucial role in mitigating climate change and enhancing soil productivity. Microbial- derived carbon (MDC) is the main component of the persistent SOC pool. However, current formulas used to estimate the proportional contribution of MDC are plagued by uncertainties due to limited sample sizes and the neglect of bacterial group composition effects. Here, we compiled the comprehensive global dataset and em...
