36期

最新文章

• The role of funding in the performance of Latin America's protected areas AI翻译
  作者：Lessmann, Janeth; Geldmann, Jonas; Fajardo, Javier; Marquet, Pablo A.
  作者单位：Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; Universidad de Chile; University of Copenhagen; University of Cambridge; The Santa Fe Institute; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile
  摘要：Conservationists have long argued that inadequate funding for managing protected areas (PAs) jeopardizes their ability to achieve conservation goals. However, this claim has rarely been substantiated by quantitative evaluations. To address this, we examined the impact of funding on PA effectiveness both at the scale of 17 national PA systems across Latin America and within a PA system (Ecuador), for which we had precise historical financial data. Most PAs reduced deforestation between 2000 and...
• An intronic polymorphism associated with 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate levels in human red cells is linked to expression of RhCE blood groups AI翻译
  作者：McGowan, Eunike C.; Storry, Jill R.; Olsson, Martin L.
  作者单位：Lund University
• microRNA maintains nutrient homeostasis in the symbiont-host interaction AI翻译
  作者：Shang, Feng; Ding, Bi-Yue; Niu, Jinzhi; Lu, Jin-Ming; Xie, Xiu-Cheng; Li, Chuan-Zhen; Zhang, Wei; Pan, Deng; Jiang, Rui-Xu; Wang, Jin-Jun
  作者单位：Southwest University - China; Southwest University - China
  摘要：Endosymbionts provide essential nutrients for hosts, promoting growth, development, and reproduction. However, the molecular regulation of nutrient transport from endosymbiont to host is not well understood. Here, we used bioinformatic analysis, RNA- Sequencing, luciferase assays, RNA immunoprecipitation, and in situ hybridization to show that a bacteriocyte- distributed MRP4 gene (multidrug resistance- associated protein 4) is negatively regulated by a host (aphid)- specific microRNA (miR- 30...
• Observational evidence for groundwater influence on crop yields in the United States AI翻译
  作者：Deines, Jillian M.; Archontoulis, Sotirios, V; Huber, Isaiah; Lobell, David B.
  作者单位：Stanford University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Iowa State University
  摘要：As climate change shifts crop exposure to dry and wet extremes, a better understanding of factors governing crop response is needed. Recent studies identified shallow groundwater-groundwater within or near the crop rooting zone-as influential, yet existing evidence is largely based on theoretical crop model simulations, indirect or static groundwater data, or small- scale field studies. Here, we use observational satellite yield data and dynamic water table simulations from 1999 to 2018 to pro...
• Breaking the size limitation of nonadiabatic molecular dynamics in condensed matter systems with local descriptor machine learning AI翻译
  作者：Liu, Dongyu; Wang, Bipeng; Wu, Yifan; Vasenko, Andrey S.; Prezhdo, Oleg, V
  作者单位：HSE University (National Research University Higher School of Economics); University of Southern California; University of Southern California; University of Southern California; University of Southern California
  摘要：Nonadiabatic molecular dynamics (NA- MD) is a powerful tool to model far- from- equilibrium processes, such as photochemical reactions and charge transport. NA- MD application to condensed phase has drawn tremendous attention recently for development of next- generation energy and optoelectronic materials. Studies of condensed matter allow one to employ efficient computational tools, such as density functional theory (DFT) and classical path approximation (CPA). Still, system size and simulati...
• Individual gaze shapes diverging neural representations Individual gaze shapes diverging neural representations AI翻译
  作者：Borovska, Petra; de Haas, Benjamin
  作者单位：Justus Liebig University Giessen
  摘要：Complex visual stimuli evoke diverse patterns of gaze, but previous research suggests that their neural representations are shared across brains. Here, we used hyperalignment to compare visual responses between observers viewing identical stimuli. We find that individual eye movements enhance cortical visual responses but also lead to representational divergence. Pairwise differences in the spatial distribution of gaze and in semantic salience predict pairwise representational divergence in V1...
• The role of emerging elites in the formation and development of communities after the fall of the Roman Empire AI翻译
  作者：Tian, Yijie; Koncz, Istvan; Defant, Sarah; Giostra, Caterina; Vyas, Deven N.; Soltysiak, Arkadiusz; Baricco, Luisella Pejrani; Fetner, Rafal; Posth, Cosimo; Brandt, Guido; Bedini, Elena; Modi, Alessandra; Lari, Martina; Vai, Stefania; Francalacci, Paolo; Fernandes, Ricardo; Steinhof, Axel; Pohl, Walter; Caramelli, David; Krause, Johannes; Izdebski, Adam; Geary, Patrick J.; Veeramah, Krishna R.
  作者单位：State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University; Eotvos Lorand University; Free University of Berlin; Max Planck Society; Free University of Berlin; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart; University of Warsaw; Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen; Max Planck Society; University of Florence; University of Cagliari; Masaryk University; Princeton University; Max Planck Society; Austrian Academy of Sciences; University of Vienna; Jagiellonian University; Institute for Advanced Study - USA
  摘要：Elites played a pivotal role in the formation of post- Roman Europe on both macro- and microlevels during the Early Medieval period. History and archaeology have long focused on their description and identification based on written sources or through their archaeological record. We provide a different perspective on this topic by integrating paleogenomic, archaeological, and isotopic data to gain insights into the role of one such elite group in a Langobard period community near Collegno, Ital...
• Diffusion barriers imposed by tissue topology shape Hedgehog morphogen gradients AI翻译
  作者：Schlissel, Gavin; Meziane, Miram; Narducci, Domenic; Hansen, Anders S.; Li, Pulin
  作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Whitehead Institute; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute
  摘要：Animals use a small number of morphogens to pattern tissues, but it is unclear how evolution modulates morphogen signaling range to match tissues of varying sizes. Here, we used single- molecule imaging in reconstituted morphogen gradients and in tissue explants to determine that Hedgehog diffused extracellularly as a monomer, and rapidly transitioned between membrane- confined and - unconfined states. Unexpectedly, the vertebrate- specific protein SCUBE1 expanded Hedgehog gradients by acceler...
• Stabilization of interdomain closure by a G protein inhibitor AI翻译
  作者：Todd, Tyson D.; Vithani, Neha; Singh, Sukrit; Bowman, Gregory R.; Blumer, Kendall J.; Soranno, Andrea
  作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); University of Pennsylvania; Washington University (WUSTL)
  摘要：Inhibitors of heterotrimeric G proteins are being developed as therapeutic agents. Epitomizing this approach are YM-254890 (YM) and FR900359 (FR), which are efficacious in models of thrombosis, hypertension, obesity, asthma, uveal melanoma, and pain, and under investigation as an FR- antibody conjugate in uveal melanoma clinical trials. YM/FR inhibits the Gq/11/14 subfamily by interfering with GDP (guanosine diphosphate) release, but by an unknown biophysical mechanism. Here, we show that YM i...
• Sex chromosomes and hormones independently influence healthy brain development but act similarly after cranial radiation AI翻译
  作者：Yeung, Jonas; Deyoung, Taylor; Spring, Shoshana; Guzman, A. Elizabeth de; Elder, Madeline W.; Beauchamp, Antoine; Wong, C. Shun; Palmert, Mark R.; Lerch, Jason P.; Nieman, Brian J.
  作者单位：University of Toronto; Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids); University of Toronto; Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids); University of Toronto; Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia - IIT; University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Research Institute; Sunnybrook Health Science Center; University of Toronto; University of Toronto; Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids); University of Toronto; University of Toronto; University of Toronto; Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids); University of Oxford; University of Oxford; Ontario Institute for Cancer Research; University of Toronto
  摘要：The course of normal development and response to pathology are strongly influenced by biological sex. For instance, female childhood cancer survivors who have undergone cranial radiation therapy (CRT) tend to display more pronounced cognitive deficits than their male counterparts. Sex effects can be the result of sex chromosome complement (XX vs. XY) and/or gonadal hormone influence. The contributions of each can be separated using the four- core genotype mouse model (FCG), where sex chromosom...