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作者：Yu, Miao; Gruzinov, Andrey Yu.; Ruan, Hao; Scheidt, Tom; Chowdhury, Aritra; Giofre, Sabrina; Mohammed, Ahmed S. A.; Caria, Joana; Sauter, Paul F.; Svergun, Dmitri I.; Lemke, Edward A.
作者单位：Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB); European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL); European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL); Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB); Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB); Fayoum University
摘要：Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) adopt ensembles of rapidly fluctuating heterogeneous conformations, influencing their binding capabilities and supramolecular transitions. The primary conformational descriptors for understanding IDP ensembles-the radius of gyration (RG), measured by small- angle X- ray scattering (SAXS), and the root mean square (rms) end- to- end distance (RE), probed by fluorescent resonance energy transfer (FRET)-are often reported to produce inconsistent results re...
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作者：Zhang, Ge; Xiang, Meiyi; Gu, Liankun; Zhou, Jing; Zhang, Baozhen; Tian, Wei; Deng, Dajun
作者单位：Ministry of Education - China
摘要：There are three distinct forms of autophagy, namely, macroautophagy, microautophagy, and HSPA8 chaperone- mediated autophagy (CMA). While macroautophagy is widely recognized as a regulator of chromosomal instability (CIN) through various pathways, the contributions of CMA and microautophagy to CIN remain uncertain. TTC28, a conserved gene in vertebrates, is frequently mutated and down- regulated in numerous human cancers. This study presents findings demonstrating the interaction between human...
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作者：Baekgaard, Martin; Nielsen, Soren Albeck; Rosholm, Michael; Svarer, Michael
作者单位：Aarhus University; Aarhus University
摘要：Active labor market programs (ALMPs) are widely used to speed up return to work among the unemployed. We examine their long- run effects on employment- and health- related outcomes for different target groups, arguing that ALMPs are associated with heterogeneous effects for different target groups and may even detrimentally influence the mental health for the most disadvantaged groups. To this end, we use evidence from randomized controlled trials conducted in Denmark in 2005-2008, in which tr...
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作者：Etzbach, Lara; Gola, Susanne; Kuellmer, Fabian; Acir, Ismail-Hakki; Wohlt, Daria; Ignatzy, Laura Melanie; Bader-Mittermaier, Stephanie; Schweiggert-Weisz, Ute
作者单位：University of Bonn; Fraunhofer Gesellschaft; Fraunhofer Germany; Fraunhofer Process Engineering & Packaging; Technical University of Munich
摘要：Consumer interest in meat and dairy alternatives drives demand for plant- based protein ingredients. While soy and gluten dominate the market, there is a trend to explore alternative crops for functional ingredient production. The multitude of ingredients poses challenges for food manufacturers in selecting the right protein. We investigated 61 commercially available protein ingredients from various sources, categorizing them based on their protein content into protein- rich flours (protein co...
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作者：Harte, John; Brush, Micah; Umemura, Kaito; Muralikrishnan, Pranav; Newman, Erica A.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; The Santa Fe Institute; University of Alberta; Kobe University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; James Madison University
摘要：In many complex systems encountered in the natural and social sciences, mechanisms governing system dynamics at a microscale depend upon the values of state variables characterizing the system at coarse- grained, macroscale (Goldenfeld and Woese, 2011, Noble et al., 2019, and Chater and Loewenstein, 2023). State variables, in turn, are averages over relevant probability distributions of the microscale variables. Neither inferential Top-Down nor mechanistic Bottom-Up modeling alone can predict ...
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作者：Li, Bohan; Zhang, Zhenguo; Tio, Raymond; Li, Jinling; Loh, Teck-Peng
作者单位：Henan University of Technology; Nanyang Technological University
摘要：Metathesis reactions that operate cleanly and reversibly under biocompatible conditions are crucial in diverse fields such as drug development, chemical biology, and dynamic combinatorial chemistry. This paper introduces an innovative strategy using the commercially available and cost- effective hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodobenzene (HTIB) as a radical initiator, enabling clean and bidirectional disulfide metathesis under biocompatible conditions. Our method facilitates efficient forward reactions by u...
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作者：Liu, Guangxue; Huang, Kaiyan; Liu, Shiyao; Xie, Yali; Huang, Jinyan; Liang, Tingbo; Zhang, Pumin
作者单位：Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University
摘要：RAD51 is related to the bacterial RecA protein and is best known for its role in homologous recombination- mediated repair of DNA damage. Here, we report an unexpected function of RAD51 in the maintenance methylation of genomic DNA, a function that is separable from its role in homologous recombination. First, it acts as an inhibitor and degradation of the DNA methyltransferase DNMT1, leading to the loss of global DNA methylation. Second, RAD51 helps UHRF1 to monoubiquitinate histone H3 H3 dim...
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作者：Hickey, Kelsey L.; Panov, Alexandra; Whelan, Enya Miguel; Schaefer, Tillman; Mizrak, Arda; Kopito, Ron R.; Baumeister, Wolfgang; Fernandez-Busnadiego, Ruben; Harper, J. Wade
作者单位：Pfizer; Pfizer USA; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Max Planck Society; Stanford University; University of Gottingen; UNIVERSITY GOTTINGEN HOSPITAL; University of Gottingen; University of Gottingen
摘要：A hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) is the progressive loss of proteostasis, leading to the accumulation of misfolded proteins or protein aggregates, with subsequent cytotoxicity. To combat this toxicity, cells have evolved degradation pathways (ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy) that detect and degrade misfolded proteins. However, studying the underlying cellular pathways and mechanisms has remained a challenge, as formation of many types of protein aggregates is asynchrono...
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作者：Alhama, Raquel G.; Foushee, Ruthe; Byrne, Dan; Ettinger, Allyson; Alishahi, Afra; Goldin-Meadow, Susan
作者单位：University of Amsterdam; The New School; University of Chicago; Tilburg University; University of Chicago
摘要：Language is a productive system--we routinely produce well- formed utterances that we have never heard before. It is, however, difficult to assess when children first achieve linguistic productivity simply because we rarely know all the utterances a child has experienced. The onset of linguistic productivity has been at the heart of a long- standing theoretical question in language acquisition--do children come to language learning with abstract categories that they deploy from the earliest mo...
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作者：Rejhon, Martin; Parashar, Nitika; Schellack, Lorenzo; Shestopalov, Mykhailo; Kunc, Jan; Riedo, Elisa
作者单位：New York University; Charles University Prague
摘要：Emergent electronic phenomena, from superconductivity to ferroelectricity, magnetism, and correlated many- body band gaps, have been observed in domains created by stacking and twisting atomic layers of Van der Waals materials. In graphene, emergent properties have been observed in ABC stacking domains obtained by exfoliation followed by expert mechanical twisting and alignment with the desired orientation, a process very challenging and nonscalable. Here, conductive atomic force microscopy sh...
