2024

最新文章

• Cell reprogramming design by transfer learning of functional transcriptional networks AI翻译
  作者：Wytock, Thomas P.; Motter, Adilson E.
  作者单位：Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University
  摘要：Recent developments in synthetic biology, next -generation sequencing, and machine learning provide an unprecedented opportunity to rationally design new disease treatments based on measured responses to gene perturbations and drugs to reprogram cells. The main challenges to seizing this opportunity are the incomplete knowledge of the cellular network and the combinatorial explosion of possible interventions, both of which are insurmountable by experiments. To address these challenges, we deve...
• Decoding planetary surfaces by counting cracks AI翻译
  作者：Silver, S.; Regos, K.; Jerolmack, D. J.; Domokos, G.
  作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; Budapest University of Technology & Economics; Budapest University of Technology & Economics; University of Pennsylvania
  摘要：Planets are often covered with thin cracked shells. From mud films to lithospheres of rock or ice, fracture networks form two-dimensional (2D) tessellations of convex polygons whose geometry encodes their genesis. Here, we chart the geometry of 2D fracture mosaics across the solar system, and decode their formative conditions using a new dynamical crack model. We show that mosaics can be projected onto a Symbolic Ternary Diagram, where the relative proportions of T, X, and Y junctions are uniq...
• On the shape of air bubbles trapped in ice AI翻译
  作者：Thievenaz, Virgile; Meijer, Jochem G.; Lohse, Detlef; Sauret, Alban
  作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite PSL; Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI); Universite Paris Cite; Sorbonne Universite; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; University of Twente; University of Twente; Max Planck Society; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
  摘要：Water usually contains dissolved gases, and because freezing is a purifying process these gases must be expelled for ice to form. Bubbles appear at the freezing front and are then trapped in ice, making pores. These pores come in a range of sizes from microns to millimeters and their shapes are peculiar; never spherical but elongated, and usually fore-aft asymmetric. We show that these remarkable shapes result of a delicate balance between freezing, capillarity, and mass diffusion. A nonlinear...
• Ultrafast sound production mechanism in one of the smallest vertebrates AI翻译
  作者：Cook, Verity A. N. O.; Groneberg, Antonia H.; Hoffmann, Maximilian; Kadobianskyi, Mykola; Veith, Johannes; Schulze, Lisanne; Britz, Ralf; Judkewitz, Benjamin
  作者单位：Free University of Berlin; Humboldt University of Berlin; Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin; Humboldt University of Berlin
  摘要：Motion is the basis of nearly all animal behavior. Evolution has led to some extraordinary specializations of propulsion mechanisms among invertebrates, including the mandibles of the dracula ant and the claw of the pistol shrimp. In contrast, vertebrate skeletal movement is considered to be limited by the speed of muscle, saturating around 250 Hz. Here, we describe the unique propulsion mechanism by which Danionella cerebrum, a miniature cyprinid fish of only 12 mm length, produces high ampli...
• Dual membrane- spanning anti-sigma factors regulate vesiculation in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron AI翻译
  作者：Pardue, Evan J.; Sartorio, Mariana G.; Jana, Biswanath; Scott, Nichollas E.; Beatty, Wandy L.; Ortiz-Marquez, Juan C.; Van Opijnen, Tim; Hsu, Fong-Fu; Potter, Robert F.; Feldman, Mario F.; Silhavy, Thomas
  作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); University of Melbourne; Peter Doherty Institute; Boston College; Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL)
  摘要：Bacteroidota are abundant members of the human gut microbiota that shape the enteric landscape by modulating host immunity and degrading dietary- and host- derived glycans. These processes are mediated in part by Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs). Here, we developed a high- throughput screen to identify genes required for OMV biogenesis and its regulation in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (Bt). We identified a family of Dual membrane- spanning anti-sigma factors (Dma) that control OMV biogenesis. W...
• Magnetically powered microwheel thrombolysis of occlusive thrombi in zebrafish AI翻译
  作者：Pontius, M. Hao Hao; Ku, Chia-Jui; Osmond, Matthew J.; Disharoon, Dante; Liu, Yang; Warnock, Mark; Lawrence, Daniel A.; Marr, David W. M.; Neeves, Keith B.; Shavit, Jordan A.
  作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Colorado School of Mines; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; Children's Hospital Colorado; Children's Hospital Colorado; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
  摘要：Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is the only FDA- approved treatment for ischemic stroke but carries significant risks, including major hemorrhage. Additional options are needed, especially in small vessel thrombi which account for -25% of ischemic strokes. We have previously shown that tPA- functionalized colloidal microparticles can be assembled into microwheels (mu wheels) and manipulated under the control of applied magnetic fields to enable rapid thrombolysis of fibrin gels in microflui...
• Topological mechanics without the topology: A universal, model-free approach to mechanical response AI翻译
  作者：Rocklin, D. Zeb
  作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology
• A universal and scalable transformation of bulk metals into singleatom catalysts in ionic liquids AI翻译
  作者：Wang, Shujuan; Lu, Minghui; Xia, Xuewen; Wang, Fei; Xiong, Xiaolu; Ding, Kai; Pang, Zhongya; Li, Guangshi; Xu, Qian; Hsu, Hsien-Yi; Hu, Shen; Ji, Li; Zhao, Yufeng; Wang, Jing; Zou, Xingli; Lu, Xionggang
  作者单位：Shanghai University; Shanghai University; Shanghai University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, CAS; City University of Hong Kong; Fudan University; Shanghai University; Yanshan University
  摘要：Single - atom catalysts (SACs) with maximized metal atom utilization and intriguing properties are of utmost importance for energy conversion and catalysis science. However, the lack of a straightforward and scalable synthesis strategy of SACs on diverse support materials remains the bottleneck for their large - scale industrial applications. Herein, we report a general approach to directly transform bulk metals into single atoms through the precise control of the electrodissolution-electrodep...
• To mitigate bird collisions, enforce the Migratory Bird Treaty Act AI翻译
  作者：Farnsworth, Andrew; Horton, Kyle G.; Marra, Peter P.
  作者单位：Cornell University; Colorado State University System; Colorado State University Fort Collins; Georgetown University; Georgetown University; Georgetown University
• G- quadruplex DNA structure is a positive regulator of MYC transcription AI翻译
  作者：Garcia, Isabel Esain -; Kirchner, Angie; Melidis, Larry; Tavares, Rafael de Cesaris Araujo; Dhir, Somdutta; Simeone, Angela; Yu, Zutao; Madden, Sarah K.; Hermann, Regina; Tannahill, David; Balasubramanian, Shankar
  作者单位：Cancer Research UK; CRUK Cambridge Institute; University of Cambridge; University of Cambridge; University of Cambridge
  摘要：DNA structure can regulate genome function. Four- stranded DNA G- quadruplex (G4) structures have been implicated in transcriptional regulation; however, previous studies have not directly addressed the role of an individual G4 within its endogenous cellular context. Using CRISPR to genetically abrogate endogenous G4 structure folding, we directly interrogate the G4 found within the upstream regulatory region of the critical human MYConcogene. G4 loss leads to suppression of MYC transcription ...