Magnetically powered microwheel thrombolysis of occlusive thrombi in zebrafish

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Pontius, M. Hao Hao; Ku, Chia-Jui; Osmond, Matthew J.; Disharoon, Dante; Liu, Yang; Warnock, Mark; Lawrence, Daniel A.; Marr, David W. M.; Neeves, Keith B.; Shavit, Jordan A.
• 署名单位: University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Colorado School of Mines; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; Children's Hospital Colorado; Children's Hospital Colorado; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
• 刊物名称: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0027-14224
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2315083121
• 发表日期: 2024-03-05
• 关键词: acute ischemic-stroke; hemostasis; safety

摘要

Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is the only FDA- approved treatment for ischemic stroke but carries significant risks, including major hemorrhage. Additional options are needed, especially in small vessel thrombi which account for -25% of ischemic strokes. We have previously shown that tPA- functionalized colloidal microparticles can be assembled into microwheels (mu wheels) and manipulated under the control of applied magnetic fields to enable rapid thrombolysis of fibrin gels in microfluidic models of thrombosis. Transparent zebrafish larvae have a highly conserved coagulation cascade that enables studies of hemostasis and thrombosis in the context of intact vasculature, clotting factors, and blood cells. Here, we show that tPA- functionalized mu wheels can perform rapid and targeted recanalization in vivo. This effect requires both tPA and mu wheels, as minimal to no recanalization is achieved with tPA alone, mu wheels alone, or tPA- functionalized microparticles in the absence of a magnetic field. We evaluated tPA- functionalized mu wheels in CRISPR- generated plasminogen (plg) heterozygous and homozygous mutants and confirmed that tPA- functionalized mu wheels are dose- dependent on plasminogen for lysis. We have found that magnetically powered mu wheels as a targeted tPA delivery system are dramatically more efficient at plasmin- mediated thrombolysis than systemic delivery in vivo. Further development of this system in fish and mammalian models could enable a less invasive strategy for alleviating ischemia that is safer than directed thrombectomy or systemic infusion of tPA.