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作者：Timonin, Sergey; Cooley, Caleb C.
作者单位：Australian National University; Washington State University
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作者：Xu, Wenfei; Smart, Michael; Tilahun, Nebiyou; Askari, Sajad; Dennis, Zachary; Li, Houpu; Levinson, David
作者单位：Cornell University; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; University of Sydney
摘要：This paper exploits the potential of Global Positioning System datasets sourced from mobile phones to estimate the racial composition of road users, leveraging data from their respective Census block group. The racial composition data encompasses approximately 46 million trips in the Chicago metropolitan region. The research focuses on the relationship between camera tickets and racial composition of drivers vs. police stops for traffic citations and the racial composition in these locations. ...
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作者：Zhu, Hongru; Ge, Yijun; Bratch, Alexander; Yuille, Alan; Kay, Kendrick; Kersten, Daniel
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; RIKEN; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：Human pose, defined as the spatial relationships between body parts, carries instrumental information supporting the understanding of motion and action of a person. A substantial body of previous work has identified cortical areas responsive to images of bodies and different body parts. However, the neural basis underlying the visual perception of body part relationships has received less attention. To broaden our understanding of body perception, we analyzed high - resolution fMRI responses t...
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作者：Rouxel, Jeremy R.; Nam, Yeonsig; Chernyak, Vladimir Y.; Mukamel, Shaul
作者单位：United States Department of Energy (DOE); Argonne National Laboratory; Wayne State University; University of California System; University of California Irvine; University of California System; University of California Irvine
摘要：Molecular chirality has long been monitored in the frequency domain in the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared regimes. Recently developed time -domain approaches can detect time -dependent chiral dynamics by enhancing intrinsically weak chiral signals. Evenorder nonlinear signals in chiral molecules have gained attention thanks to their existence in the electric dipole approximation, without relying on the weaker higherorder multipole interactions. We illustrate the optimization of temporal po...
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作者：Van Nuland, Michael E.; Qin, Clara; Pellitier, Peter T.; Zhu, Kai; Peay, Kabir G.
作者单位：Stanford University; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Stanford University
摘要：Climate change will likely shift plant and microbial distributions, creating geographic mismatches between plant hosts and essential microbial symbionts (e.g., ectomycorrhizal fungi, EMF). The loss of historical interactions, or the gain of novel associations, can have important consequences for biodiversity, ecosystem processes, and plant migration potential, yet few analyses exist that measure where mycorrhizal symbioses could be lost or gained across landscapes. Here, we examine climate cha...
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作者：Biba, Dmitry A.; Wolf, Yuri I.; Koonin, Eugene V.; Rochman, Nash D.
作者单位：National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Library of Medicine (NLM); Oak Ridge Associated Universities; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Oak Ridge Institute for Science & Education; City University of New York (CUNY) System; City University of New York (CUNY) System
摘要：Over the course of multiple divisions, cells accumulate diverse nongenetic, somatic damage including misfolded and aggregated proteins and cell wall defects. If the rate of damage accumulation exceeds the rate of dilution through cell growth, a dedicated mitigation strategy is required to prevent eventual population collapse. Strategies for somatic damage control can be divided into two categories, asymmetric allocation and repair, which are not, in principle, mutually exclusive. We explore a ...
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作者：Ichimuraa, Yuki; Konishi, Risa; Iida, Tadatsune; Shobo, Miwako; Tanaka, Ryota; Kubota, Noriko; Kayama, Hisako; Takeda, Kiyoshi; Nomura, Toshifumi; Fujimoto, Manabu; Okiyama, Naoko
作者单位：Institute of Science Tokyo; Tokyo Medical & Dental University (TMDU); Tokyo Women's Medical University; University of Tsukuba; Institute of Science Tokyo; Tokyo Medical & Dental University (TMDU); University of Osaka; University of Osaka; University of Osaka
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作者：Wang, David; Frechette, Layne B.; Best, Robert B.
作者单位：National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases (NIDDK); Johns Hopkins University; Brandeis University
摘要：The consistency of energy landscape theory predictions with available experimental data, as well as direct evidence from molecular simulations, have shown that protein folding mechanisms are largely determined by the contacts present in the native structure. As expected, native contacts are generally energetically favorable. However, there are usually at least as many energetically favorable nonnative pairs owing to the greater number of possible nonnative interactions. This apparent frustrati...
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作者：Calabrese, Ludovico; Ciandrini, Luca; Lagomarsino, Marco Cosentino
作者单位：IFOM - FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Universite de Montpellier; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut Universitaire de France; University of Milan; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)
摘要：Experimental observations tracing back to the 1960s imply that ribosome quantities play a prominent role in determining a cell's growth. Nevertheless, in biologically relevant scenarios, growth can also be influenced by the levels of mRNA and RNA polymerase. Here, we construct a quantitative model of biosynthesis providing testable scenarios for these situations. The model explores a theoretically motivated regime where RNA polymerases compete for genes and ribosomes for transcripts and gives ...
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作者：Shankar, Suraj; Scharrer, Luca V. D.; Bowick, Mark J.; Marchetti, M. Cristina
作者单位：Harvard University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; University of Chicago; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara
摘要：Topological defects play a central role in the physics of many materials, including magnets, superconductors, and liquid crystals. In active fluids, defects become autonomous particles that spontaneously propel from internal active stresses and drive chaotic flows stirring the fluid. The intimate connection between defect textures and active flow suggests that properties of active materials can be engineered by controlling defects, but design principles for their spatiotemporal control remain ...
