21期

最新文章

• Mechanisms of photoreceptor protection upon targeting the Nrl-Nr2e3 pathway AI翻译
  作者：Murphy, Daniel P.; V. Kolesnikov, Alexander; Montana, Cynthia L.; Khaja, Zaid M.; Liu, Yu; Kefalov, Vladimir J.; Corbo, Joseph C.
  作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); University of California System; University of California Irvine; Washington University (WUSTL); Saint Louis University; University of California System; University of California Irvine
  摘要：Acute knockout of the rod photoreceptor transcription factor Nrl delays retinal degeneration in multiple mouse models of blindness, but the downstream transcriptomic changes that mediate these therapeutic effects are unknown. Here, we show that acute Nrl knockout causes upregulation of a subset of cone genes in rods as well as downregulation of rod genes, including the rod-specific transcriptional repressor Nr2e3. We hypothesized that Nr2e3 downregulation might mediate some of the therapeutic ...
• Pattern formation along signaling gradients driven by active droplet behavior of cell swarms AI翻译
  作者：Ford, Hugh Z.; Celora, Giulia L.; Westbrook, Elizabeth R.; Dalwadi, Mohit P.; Walker, Benjamin J.; Baumann, Hella; Weijer, Cornelis J.; Pearce, Philip; Chubb, Jonathan R.
  作者单位：University of London; University College London; University of London; University College London; University of London; University College London; University of Bath; University of Dundee
  摘要：Gradients of extracellular signals organize cells in tissues. Although there are several models for how gradients can pattern cell behavior, it is not clear how cells react to gradients when the population is undergoing 3D morphogenesis, in which cell-cell and cell-signal interactions are continually changing. Dictyostelium cells follow gradients of their nutritional source to feed and maintain their undifferentiated state. Using lightsheet imaging to simultaneously monitor signaling, single-c...
• Neuron-astrocyte associative memory AI翻译
  作者：Kozachkov, Leo; Slotine, Jean-Jacques; Krotov, Dmitry
  作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); International Business Machines (IBM); IBM USA; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
  摘要：Astrocytes, the most abundant type of glial cell, play a fundamental role in memory. Despite most hippocampal synapses being contacted by an astrocyte, there are no current theories that explain how neurons, synapses, and astrocytes might collectively contribute to memory function. We demonstrate that fundamental aspects of astrocyte morphology and physiology naturally lead to a dynamic, high-capacity associative memory system. The neuron-astrocyte networks generated by our framework are close...
• Inferring neural population codes for Drosophila acoustic communication AI翻译
  作者：Pang, Rich; Baker, Christa A.; Murthy, Mala; Pillow, Jonathan
  作者单位：Princeton University; Princeton University; North Carolina State University
  摘要：Social communication between animals is often mediated by sequences of acoustic signals, sometimes spanning long timescales. How auditory neural circuits respond to extended input sequences to guide behavior is not understood. We address this problem using Drosophila acoustic communication, a behavior involving the male's production of and female's response to long, highly variable courtship songs. Here we ask whether female neural and behavioral responses to song are better described by a lin...
• Cancer- associated fibroblast- derived SEMA3C facilitates colorectal cancer liver metastasis via NRP2-mediated MAPK activation AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, Yuyuan; Zuo, Anning; Ba, Yuhao; Liu, Shutong; Chen, Jingqi; Yang, Shuaixi; Weng, Siyuan; Chen, Yukang; Xu, Hui; Luo, Peng; Cheng, Quan; Tang, Bufu; Liu, Benyu; Zhang, Chuhan; Yang, Jingkuan; Han, Xinwei; Liu, Zaoqu
  作者单位：Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou University; Southern Medical University - China; Central South University; Fudan University; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou University; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences - CAMS; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College; Peking Union Medical College
  摘要：Liver metastasis remains the predominant cause of mortality in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying the initiation of colorectal cancer liver metastasis remain poorly elucidated. During the metastatic process of CRC cells from the primary site to the liver, we performed time- resolved analyses and identified a subset of tumor cells spatially located in the primary tumor and temporally distributed in the early stages of liver metastasis. These cells wer...
• Ancient DNA suggests a historical demographic decline and genetic erosion in the Atlantic bluefin tuna AI翻译
  作者：Andrews, Adam Jon; Eriksen, Emma Falkeid; Star, Bastiaan; Praebel, Kim; Di Natale, Antonio; Malca, Estrella; Onar, Vedat; Aniceti, Veronica; Carenti, Gabriele; Piques, Gael; Nielsen, Svein Vatsvag; Persson, Per; Piattoni, Federica; Fontani, Francesco; Atmore, Lane M.; Kersten, Oliver; Tinti, Fausto; Cilli, Elisabetta; Cariani, Alessia
  作者单位：Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA); University of Bologna; University of Oslo; UiT The Arctic University of Tromso; University of Miami; National Oceanic Atmospheric Admin (NOAA) - USA; Mugla Sitki Kocman University; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Cote d'Azur; Universite Paul-Valery; Universite de Montpellier; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); University of Oslo; University of Bologna; University of British Columbia
  摘要：Overexploitation has depleted fish stocks during the past century; nonetheless, its genomic consequences remain poorly understood for most species. Characterizing the spatiotemporal patterns of these consequences may provide baseline estimates of past diversity and productivity to aid management targets, help predict future dynamics, and facilitate the identification of evolutionary factors limiting fish population recovery. Here, we evaluate human impacts on the evolution of the iconic Atlant...
• Loss of insulin signaling in microglia impairs cellular uptake of Aβ and neuroinflammatory response exacerbating AD- like neuropathology AI翻译
  作者：Chen, Wenqiang; Liu, Xiangyu; Munoz, Vitor Rosetto; Kahn, C. Ronald
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Joslin Diabetes Center, Inc.; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Steno Diabetes Center; Universidade Estadual de Campinas
  摘要：Insulin receptors are present on cells throughout the body, including the brain. Dysregulation of insulin signaling in neurons and astrocytes has been implicated in altered mood, cognition, and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). To define the role of insulin signaling in microglia, the primary phagocytes in the brain critical for maintenance and damage repair, we created mice with an inducible microglia-specific insulin receptor knockout (MG-IRKO). RiboTag profiling of microglial mR...
• A direct computational assessment of vinculin-actin unbinding kinetics reveals catch-bonding behavior AI翻译
  作者：Ccoa, Willmor J. Pena; Mukadum, Fatemah; Ramon, Aubin; Stirnemann, Guillaume; Hocky, Glen M.
  作者单位：New York University; University of Cambridge; Universite PSL; Sorbonne Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); New York University
  摘要：Vinculin forms a catch bond with the cytoskeletal polymer actin, displaying an increased bond lifetime upon force application. Notably, this behavior depends on the direction of the applied force, which has significant implications for cellular mechanotransduction. In this work, we present a comprehensive molecular dynamics simulation study, employing enhanced sampling techniques to investigate the thermodynamic, kinetic, and mechanistic aspects of this phenomenon at physiologically relevant f...
• The distribution of highly deleterious variants across human ancestry groups AI翻译
  作者：Stolyarova, Anastasia; Coop, Graham; Przeworski, Molly
  作者单位：Columbia University; University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Davis; Columbia University
  摘要：A major focus of human genetics is to map severe disease mutations. Increasingly, that goal is understood as requiring huge numbers of people to be sequenced from every broadly defined genetic ancestry group, so as not to miss ancestry- specific variants. Here, we consider whether this focus is warranted. We start from first principles considerations, based on models of mutation-drift- selection balance, which suggest that since severe disease mutations tend to be strongly deleterious, and thu...
• Dinucleotide preferences underlie apparent codon preference reversals in the Drosophila melanogaster lineage AI翻译
  作者：Yamashita, Haruka; Matsumoto, Tomotaka; Kawashima, Kent; Daanaa, Hassan Sibroe Abdulla; Yang, Ziheng; Akashi, Hiroshi
  作者单位：Research Organization of Information & Systems (ROIS); National Institute of Genetics (NIG) - Japan; Graduate University for Advanced Studies - Japan; University of London; University College London; Graduate University for Advanced Studies - Japan
  摘要：We employ fine-scale population genetic analyses to reveal dynamics among interacting forces that act at synonymous sites and introns among closely related Drosophila cies. Synonymous codon usage bias has proven to be well suited for population genetic inference. Under major codon preference (MCP), translationally superior major codons confer fitness benefits relative to their less efficiently and/or accurately decoded synonymous counterparts. Our codon family and lineage-specific analyses exp...