Journal of Applied Psychology

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• Relationships of goal orientation, metacognitive activity, and practice strategies with learning outcomes and transfer AI翻译
  作者：Ford, JK; Smith, EM; Weissbein, DA; Gully, SM; Salas, E
  作者单位：Michigan State University; United States Department of Defense; United States Navy; George Mason University
  摘要：A model of learning transfer that focused on the active role of the learner was developed and tested within a complex decision-making task. The study examined how individual differences, learning strategies, and training outcomes influenced transfer of learning to a more complex task. A sample of 93 undergraduate students participated in 2-day radar operations study. Hierarchical regression analysis results indicated that mastery orientation was positively related to metacognitive activity of ...
• What motivates fairness? The role of subordinate assertive behavior on managers' interactional fairness AI翻译
  作者：Korsgaard, MA; Roberson, L; Rymph, RD
  作者单位：University of South Carolina System; University of South Carolina Columbia; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe
  摘要：This study investigated the proposition that a subordinate's communication style can affect a manager's fairness behavior during decision making and, consequently, can affect the subordinate's attitudes toward the decision, manager, and organization. Two studies were conducted to test these propositions in the context of performance appraisal decisions. First, a laboratory study demonstrated that appraisers engage in more interactionally fair behavior when interacting with an assertive apprais...
• Gender, age, and race differences on overt integrity tests: Results across four large-scale job applicant data sets AI翻译
  作者：Ones, DS; Viswesvaran, C
  作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; State University System of Florida; Florida International University
  摘要：Group differences on overt integrity tests were examined. Gender, age, and race differences were investigated using 724,806 job applicants. Women scored higher on overt integrity tests than men. There were very small differences between older job applicants (40 years old and older) and younger job applicants (younger than 40). No appreciable age-gender interactions were detected. Race differences were examined by comparing mean scores of Blacks, Hispanics, Asians, and American Indians with tho...
• Determining relative importance of predictors with the observational design AI翻译
  作者：Cortina, JM; DeShon, RP
  作者单位：George Mason University; Michigan State University
  摘要：A recent comparison of typical extreme-groups designs and observational designs (G. H. McClelland & C. M. Judd, 1993) showed that extreme-groups designs have greater power to detect interactions than do observational designs and that extreme-groups designs provide estimates of unstandardized parameter values that have smaller standard errors than do estimates provided by observational designs. In this study, this discussion is taken a step further by investigation of the advantages and disadva...
• More than suggestion: The effect of interviewing techniques from the McMartin preschool case AI翻译
  作者：Garven, S; Wood, JM; Malpass, RS; Shaw, JS
  作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas El Paso; University of Texas System; University of Texas El Paso
  摘要：Child interviewing techniques derived from transcripts of the McMartin Preschool case were found to be substantially more effective than simple suggestive questions,at inducing preschool children to make false allegations against a classroom visitor. Thirty-six children interviewed with McMartin techniques made 58% accusations, compared with 17% for 30 children interviewed with suggestive questions. Social influence and reinforcement appeared to be more powerful determinants of children's answ...
• The ingratiation construct: An assessment of the validity of the Measure of Ingratiatory Behaviors in Organizational Settings (MIBOS) AI翻译
  作者：Harrison, AW; Hochwarter, WA; Perrewe, PL; Ralston, DA
  作者单位：University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Tuscaloosa; Mississippi State University; State University System of Florida; Florida State University; University of Connecticut
  摘要：Independent samples were used to assess the construct validity of the Measure of Ingratiatory Behaviors in Organizational Settings (MIBOS) scale (K. Kumar & M. Beyerlein, 1991). The 4 samples included managerial personnel (n = 288), members of 2 professional organizations (n = 144), clerical employees (n = 110), and working students (n = 279). Three distinct conceptualizations were examined using confirmatory factor analysis (LISREL 8). Alternative models included (a) a 4-factor conceptualizat...
• Trait aggressiveness and hockey penalties: Predicting hot tempers on the ice AI翻译
  作者：Bushman, BJ; Wells, GL
  作者单位：Iowa State University
  摘要：Previous studies examining the validity of measures of trait aggressiveness either have been retrospective studies or have used laboratory aggression as the criterion behavior. Can a measure of trait aggressiveness predict nonlaboratory physical aggression? The Physical Aggression subscale of the Aggression Questionnaire was completed by 91 high school hockey players prior to the start of the season. At the end of the season, these trait aggressiveness scores were regressed on minutes in the p...
• Using personality testing to reduce adverse impact: A cautionary note AI翻译
  作者：Ryan, AM; Ployhart, RE; Friedel, LA
  作者单位：Michigan State University
  摘要：Adding a personality test to an ability test for employee selection has been suggested as a means of enhancing validity while reducing adverse impact of the selection system. Adverse impact was examined with different weightings of ability and personality testing at varying selection ratios using data from two large applicant samples. This demonstration indicated that the use of personality testing did not compensate for the adverse impact related to cognitive ability testing and that applican...
• Mirror, mirror on the wall, who's the thinnest one of all? Effects of self-awareness on consumption of full-fat, reduced-fat, and no-fat products AI翻译
  作者：Sentyrz, SM; Bushman, BJ
  作者单位：Iowa State University
  摘要：Two studies tested whether self-focusing situations influence people to avoid fatty food. In Study 1, college students tasted full-, reduced-, and no-fat cream cheese spreads on bagelettes. A large mirror was present in the room for some students and was absent for the remaining students. In Study 2, shoppers at large supermarkets tasted full-, reduced-, and no-fat margarine spread on bread. A large mirror was present on the table top for some shoppers and was absent for the remaining shoppers...
• A longitudinal examination of a merit pay system: Relationships among performance ratings, merit increases, and total pay increases AI翻译
  作者：Harris, MM; Gilbreath, B; Sunday, JA
  作者单位：University of Missouri System; University of Missouri Saint Louis; New Mexico State University; Paramount Global
  摘要：Although considerable research has addressed the relationship between performance ratings and pay increases, this literature has been criticized for 2 reasons. First, most researchers have ignored the fact that performance ratings may have not only a direct effect on pay but also an indirect effect through promotions and market adjustments. Second, almost all of the research has been cross-sectional. We studied the relationships between performance ratings and salary raises by using longitudin...