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作者：Zaheer, Akbar; Soda, Giuseppe
作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Bocconi University
摘要：We develop and test a theory of the origins of network structures, specifically of structural holes, building and testing a theoretical framework proposing that network structures emerge from the interplay of two complementary forces: structural constraints and network opportunities. We analyze data on a co-membership network among 501 production teams in the Italian TV production industry tracked over a period of 12 years, explicitly accounting for endogeneity. We find that structural holes s...
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作者：Katila, Riitta; Chen, Eric L.
作者单位：Stanford University; Halozyme
摘要：This paper investigates the effects on product innovation of firms' search to innovate, taking into account how a firm's search relates to that of its competitors. Drawing on organizational learning theory, we hypothesize that search timing relative to competitors matters and test two seemingly contradictory views: that competitors take away the exclusivity of search and therefore suppress innovation or, in contrast, sharpen and validate the focal firm's search and thus promote innovation. Our...
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作者：Lazer, David; Friedman, Allan
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：Whether as team members brainstorming or cultures experimenting with new technologies, problem solvers communicate and share ideas. This paper examines how the structure of communication networks among actors can affect system-level performance. We present an agent-based computer simulation model of information sharing in which the less successful emulate the more successful. Results suggest that when agents are dealing with a complex problem, the more efficient the network at disseminating in...
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作者：Suddaby, R; Greenwood, R
作者单位：University of Alberta
摘要：This paper describes the role of rhetoric in legitimating profound institutional change. In 1997, a Big Five accounting firm purchased a law firm, triggering a jurisdictional struggle within accounting and law over a new organizational form, multidisciplinary patnerships. We analyze the discursive struggle that ensued between proponents and opponents of the new organizational form. We observe that such rhetorical strategies contain two elements. First are institutional vocabularies, or the use...
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作者：Black, LJ; Carlile, PR; Repenning, NP
作者单位：Montana State University System; Montana State University Bozeman; Boston University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：In this paper, we develop a theory to explain why the implementation of new technologies often disrupts occupational roles in ways that delay the expected benefits. To explore these disruptions, we construct a dynamic model grounded in ethnographic data from Barley's widely cited (1986) study of computed tomography (CT) as implemented in two hospitals. Using modeling, we formalize the recursive relationship between the activity of CT scanning and the types and accumulations of knowledge used b...
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作者：Provan, KG
作者单位：University of Arizona
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作者：Clegg, SR
作者单位：University of Technology Sydney
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作者：Brouthers, KD
作者单位：University of East London
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作者：Hansen, MT; Haas, MR
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：The relatively recent explosion of information available in electronic forms makes attention, rather than information, the scarce resource in organizations. In this paper, we theorize about how suppliers of electronic information compete for this resource and use data on document database use in a management consulting company to show that document suppliers that occupied a crowded segment of the firm's internal knowledge market gained less attention from employees (measured as monthly use of ...
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作者：Lounsbury, M
作者单位：Cornell University; Cornell University
摘要：In this paper, I examine how variation arises in the staffing of recycling programs at colleges and universities. Through initial fieldwork, I identified two basic recycling program forms. Some schools adopted recycling programs that entailed the creation of new, full-time recycling manager positions that were filled by ecological activists. Other schools adopted more minimalist programs that were staffed by current employees who were more ecologically ambivalent and assumed recycling manageme...
