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作者：Teso, Edoardo
作者单位：Northwestern University; Bocconi University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：I leverage a new panel on the contributions to members of the U.S. Congress (MCs) from 401,557 corporate leaders of 14,807 U.S. corporations over 1999-2018 to show that U.S. corporate elites use contributions to political campaigns as a tool of political influence. Donations increase by 11% when a politician is assigned to a committee dealing with policy issues relevant to a corporate leader's company. The effect is driven by donations to MCs with the greatest power in the committees. I estima...
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作者：Butikofer, Aline; Dalla-Zuanna, Antonio; Salvanes, Kjell G.
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); European Central Bank; Bank of Italy; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：This paper demonstrates that a large economic shock such as an oil boom increases intergenerational earnings mobility among directly affected men, mostly through increased bottom-up mobility, but not for women. Preexisting local differences in mobility or shifts in the earnings distributions do not drive these findings. Instead, changes in relative earnings paid to workers with different skills offer the best explanation. Moreover, we document that intergenerational mobility is significantly h...
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作者：Schiffbauer, Marc; Sampi, James; Coronado, Javier
作者单位：The World Bank; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru; Universidad de Piura
摘要：This paper uses new data on the removal of local, sector-specificbarriers to firm entry across 1,800 municipalities in Peru to estimate theimpact on firm productivity and markups. New legislation in 2013 strength-ened the national competition authority's mandate to enforce the elimi-nation of local entry barriers, providing a quasi-experimental setting toidentify the impact of competition on productivity within the controlledinstitutional environment of a single country. We find that the elimi...
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作者：Lavecchia, Adam M.; Tazhitdinova, Alisa
作者单位：McMaster University; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Using panel data on a 20% random sample of Canadian taxpayers, we study behavioral responses to the cancellation of a lifetime capital gains exemption that resulted in increased capital gains taxation for some individuals. We show that the exemption did not change the number of taxpayers reporting positive capital gains, and thus unlikely resulted in increased participation in capital markets. Furthermore, our results suggest that the cancellation increased the long-run capital gains realizati...
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作者：Bancalari, Antonella
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：I investigate the social costs imposed by poor implementation of public infrastructure. Focusing on the period from 2005 to 2015 in Peru, when the government embarked on a nationwide initiative to expand sewerage systems, I leverage quasirandom variation in initiation of the implementation phase. By combining several sources of administrative data, I find that infrastructure development increased infant and under-5 mortality. These effects are driven by health and safety hazards associated wit...
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作者：Nicholas, Tom
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：This paper estimates the returns to human capital accumulation during the first era of mega-firms in the United States by linking employees at General Electric-a canonical enterprise associated with the visible hand of managerial hierarchies-to the 1940 census. I find large returns to higher education through seniority in the hierarchy, span of control, earnings, and selection into management training, using the proximity of land-grant colleges and historical universities to birth states for i...
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作者：Fudenberg, Drew; Gao, Wayne; Liang, Annie
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Pennsylvania; Northwestern University
摘要：We propose a restrictiveness measure for economic models based on how well they fit predefined synthetic data. This measure, together with a measure for how well the model fits real data, outlines a Pareto frontier, where models that rule out more regularities, yet capture the regularities that are present in real data, are preferred. To illustrate our approach, we evaluate the restrictiveness of models in two laboratory settings-certainty equivalents and initial play-and one field setting- ta...
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作者：Dugoua, Eugenie
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：This paper revisits one of the rare success stories in global environmental cooperation: the Montreal Protocol and the phase-out of ozone-depleting substances. I show that the protocol increased science and innovation on alternatives to ozone-depleting substances and argue that agreements can indeed be useful in solving global public goods problems. This contrasts with game-theoretical predictions that agreements occur only when costs to the players are low and with the often-heard narrative t...
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作者：Morales, Nicolas
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Richmond
摘要：This article aims to understand the relationship between high-skill immigration and multinational activity. I assemble a firm-level dataseton high-skill visas and show that there is a large home bias effect: foreignmultinationals hire more immigrants from their home countries than fromother origins. I then build and estimate a quantitative model that relatesmultinational production with immigration. First, I impose a restrictive im-migration policy in the United States and evaluate how it affe...
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作者：Dahis, Ricardo; Schiavon, Laura; Scot, Thiago
作者单位：Monash University; Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora; The World Bank
摘要：In the absence of strong incentives, public service delivery is crucially dependent on bureaucrat selection. Despite wide adoption by governments, it is unclear whether civil service examinations reliably select for job performance. We investigate this question focusing on state judges in Brazil. Exploring monthly data on judicial output and cross-court movement, we estimate that judges account for at least 23% of the observed variation in the number of cases disposed. With novel data on admis...
