Induced Innovation and International Environmental Agreements: Evidence from the Ozone Regime

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Dugoua, Eugenie
• 署名单位: University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
• 刊物名称: REVIEW OF ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0034-6535
• DOI: 10.1162/rest_a_01398
• 发表日期: 2025
• 关键词: directed technical change; pure public good; technological-change; voluntary provision; montreal; patents; POLICY; KNOWLEDGE; protocol

摘要

This paper revisits one of the rare success stories in global environmental cooperation: the Montreal Protocol and the phase-out of ozone-depleting substances. I show that the protocol increased science and innovation on alternatives to ozone-depleting substances and argue that agreements can indeed be useful in solving global public goods problems. This contrasts with game-theoretical predictions that agreements occur only when costs to the players are low and with the often-heard narrative that substitutes were readily available. I reconcile theory and empirics by discussing the role of induced innovation in models of environmental agreements.