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作者：Barwick, Panle Jia; Li, Shanjun; Rao, Deyu; Zahur, Nahim Bin
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; National Bureau of Economic Research; Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; Queens University - Canada
摘要：This paper exploits the universe of credit- and debit-card transactions in China during 2013-2015 and provides the first nationwide analysis of the health care cost of PM2.5 for a developing country. We leverage spatial spillovers of PM2.5 from long-range transport to generate exogenous variation in local pollution, and we employ a flexible distributed lag model to capture semiparametrically the dynamic response of pollution exposure. We find significant impacts of PM2.5 on health care spendin...
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作者：Ahammer, Alexander; Grubl, Dominik; Winter-Ebmer, Rudolf
作者单位：Johannes Kepler University Linz; Johannes Kepler University Linz
摘要：We show that downsizing has substantial negative effects on the health of workers who remain in the firm. We study mass layoff (ML) sur-vivors in Austria, using workers who survive a ML themselves, but a fewyears in the future, as a control group. Based on high-quality administrativedata, we find evidence that downsizing has persistent effects on mental andphysical health, and that these effects can be explained by workers fear-ing for their own jobs. We also show that health effects due to do...
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作者：Carattini, Stefano; Roesti, Matthias
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia State University; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of St Gallen
摘要：This paper combines several large-scale surveys and empirical strategies to shed new light on the determinants of cooperative behavior. We provide evidence indicating that the level of trust maximizing subjective well-being tends to be above the income maximizing level. Higher trust is also linked to more cooperative and pro-social behaviors, including the private provision of global public goods such as climate change mitigation. Consistent with warm glow theories of pro-social behavior, our ...
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作者：Vihriaelae, Erkki
作者单位：Aalto University
摘要：I study how intra-household frictions and anchoring contribute to the credit card debt puzzle, the co-holding of high-cost debt, and low-yield liquid assets. First, I find couples co-hold 42% more as units than as individuals relative to income. Moreover, in a natural experiment, couples do not cooperate to reduce high-cost debt, suggesting that intra-household frictions contribute to co-holding. Second, I find individuals who regularly make credit card debt payments equal to or near the minim...
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作者：Bessen, James; Goos, Maarten; Salomons, Anna; van den Berge, Wiljan
作者单位：Boston University; Utrecht University; Tilburg University
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作者：Ambrose, Brent W.; Valentin, Maxence
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Cornell University
摘要：U.S. tax system allows taxpayers to deduct local taxes from their taxable incomes. Using school district referendum results, we employ a continuous treatment two-way fixed-effects framework to provide causal evidence of a positive relation between the demand for local public goods and the share of residents deducting local taxes. We find that a 1 percentage point decrease in the share of residents deducting property taxes reduces tax and bond referendum approval rates by approximately 0.97 per...
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作者：Choudhury, Prithwiraj; Makridis, Christos A.; Khanna, Tarun; Schirmann, Kyle
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; Gallup, Inc.; Stanford University; University of Nicosia; Harvard University
摘要：This paper reports causal evidence on how the extent of hybrid work-the number of days worked from home relative to days worked from office-affects employee attitudes and performance. Workers who spent around two days in the office each week on average self-reported greater work-life balance, more job satisfaction, and lower isolation from colleagues compared to workers who spent more or fewer days in the office. Employees in the intermediate hybrid condition received no different performance ...
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作者：Ringo, Daniel
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors
摘要：Does monetary policy influence who becomes a homeowner? Lower-income home buyers may be more sensitive to interest rates, at least in part because they more frequently come up against binding payment-to-income ratio constraints in credit decisions. Exploiting the timing of high-frequency observations of individual mortgage rate locks around monetary policy shocks, I find that a 1 percentage point policy-induced increase in mortgage rates lowers the presence of lower-income households in the po...
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作者：Clemens, Jeffrey; Rogers, Parker
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：We show that the demand shocks associated with the U.S. Civil War and World War I led to substantial increases in prosthetic device patenting (relative to patenting in other medical and mechanical technology classes). Through analyses of patent texts, we find that the Civil War led inventors to focus on production process improvements, while World War I did not. Further, we find that inventors emphasized dimensions of product quality that aligned with differences in buyers' preferences across ...
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作者：Rivera, Roman G.; Ba, Bocar A.
作者单位：Georgetown University; Duke University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Does police oversight increase crime? Studies examining this relationship often rely on major scandals as shocks, but the simultaneous effect of public outrage on officer behavior and crime contaminates the results. Using a framework distinguishing oversight and outrage, we identify two events that increased oversight but elicited no public reaction. We find that despite a subsequent decline in reported misconduct, these oversight increases likely did not significantly impact crime or officer ...
