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作者：Healy, Olivia J.; Heissel, Jennifer A.
作者单位：United States Department of Defense; United States Navy; Naval Postgraduate School
摘要：This paper explores whether and why a maternal child penalty to earnings would emerge even without changes in employment and hours worked. Using a matched event study design, we trace monthly changes in determinants of wages (job performance, human capital accumulation, and promotions). Data come from a usefully unusual setting with required multiyear employment and detailed personnel data: the U.S. Marine Corps. Mothers' job performance initially declines, and gaps in promotion grow through 2...
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作者：Kamal, Fariha; Sundaram, Asha; Tello-Trillo, Cristina J.
作者单位：University of Auckland
摘要：We examine how the 1993 Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) impacts the gender composition at U.S. firms experiencing a negative demand shock. Combining changes in Chinese imports across industries between 2000 and 2003 and a sharp regression discontinuity to identify FMLA status, we find that an increase in import competition decreases the share of female employment, earnings, and promotions at FMLA relative to non-FMLA firms. This effect is driven by women in prime child-bearing ages and wit...
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作者：[Anonymous]
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作者：Bhattacharya, Debopam; Komarova, Tatiana
作者单位：University of Cambridge; University of Manchester
摘要：We introduce a notion of money-metric social welfare for discrete choice under unrestricted heterogeneity and income effects. It is the maximized indirect utility under normalization of the outside option. It also equals the amount of income necessary to achieve a given level of utility, while certain choices are prohibited. We show that the distribution of this quantity is nonparametrically identified as a closed-form functional of average structural demand for the outside option, making it u...
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作者：Liu, Bing; Loertscher, Simon; Marx, Leslie M.
作者单位：Stanford University; University of Melbourne; Duke University
摘要：Consignment auctions are two-stage mechanisms to (re)allocate emission permits. Firms are first endowed with permits and then allowed to trade them. We determine theoretically endowments that enable efficient allocation, subject to incentive compatibility, individual rationality, and no deficit. All firms prefer efficient consignment auctions to efficient standard auctions, making them politically palatable. Firms' investment incentives align with the first-best in efficient consignment auctio...
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作者：Agranov, Marina; Ortoleva, Pietro
作者单位：California Institute of Technology; National Bureau of Economic Research; Princeton University
摘要：A growing literature has shown that people sometimes prefer to randomize between two options. We investigate how prevalent this behavior is in an experiment using a novel and simple method. Subjects face a list of questions in which one of the alternatives is fixed and the other varies, like a Multiple Price List, but in each row they can randomize between the options. We find that the majority of subjects chose to randomize in the majority of questions, and notably, they did so for ranges of ...
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作者：Baskaran, Thushyanthan; Hessami, Zohal
作者单位：Ruhr University Bochum; Leibniz Association; Zentrum fur Europaische Wirtschaftsforschung (ZEW); Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：We investigate how female representation impacts policymaking using the example of child care and new hand-collected data on local council elections in Bavaria. RDD estimations (mixed-gender races for last party-specific council seats) show that an additional female councilor accelerates the expansion of public child care by 40%. We also document an important nonlinearity: an additional woman accelerates the expansion of child care only in councils with few women. Council meeting minutes revea...
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作者：Cherchye, Laurens; Demuynck, Thomas; De Rock, Bram; Lanier, Joshua
作者单位：KU Leuven; Universite Libre de Bruxelles; KU Leuven; Southwestern University of Finance & Economics - China
摘要：We present a statistical test for the hypothesis of (approximate) utility maximization on the basis of nonparametric revealed preference conditions. We take as null hypothesis that the consumer behaves randomly, and we reject this hypothesis only if the data provides sufficient evidence to support the alternative hypothesis of approximate utility maximization. Our statistical test uses a permutation method to operationalize the principle of random consumption behavior. We show that our test (i...
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作者：Carayol, Nicolas; Henry, Emeric; Lanoe, Marianne
作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite de Bordeaux; Universite de Bordeaux; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
摘要：The production of knowledge relies on collaborations between researchers. However, we do not know to what extent policies may stimulate these interactions. In this paper we show how a large-scale public research cluster policy in France, which funds local communities of researchers working on a common theme, affects the organization of research. Relying on an identification strategy based on grades awarded by reviewers, we show that members of financed clusters increase their collaborations wi...
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作者：Chodick, Gabriel; Goldstein, Yoav; Shurtz, Ity; Zeltzer, Dan
作者单位：Tel Aviv University; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
摘要：We examine how physician decisions are affected by difficult cases-encounters with newly diagnosed cancer patients. Using detailed administrative data, we compare primary care physicians' decisions in visits that occurred before and after difficult cases and matched comparison cases by the same physicians on other dates. Immediately following a difficult case, physicians increase referrals for common tests, including diagnostic tests unrelated to cancer. The effect lasts only for about an hour...
