Journal of Public Economics

最新文章

• Demand-side determinants of public spending allocations: Voter trust, risk and time preferences AI翻译
  作者：Keefer, Philip; Scartascini, Carlos; Vlaicu, Razvan
  作者单位：Inter-American Development Bank; Inter-American Development Bank
  摘要：We examine whether public spending misallocations may reflect voter demand factors such as political and interpersonal trust or risk and time preferences. A model of voter preferences over public spending tradeoffs provides individual-level testable hypotheses. The data come from an original survey that offered voters in seven Latin American countries binary choices between public spending options in education and security. Respondents with higher mistrust or impatience are more likely to choo...
• Do people demand fact-checked news? Evidence from US Democrats AI翻译
  作者：Chopra, Felix; Haaland, Ingar; Roth, Christopher
  作者单位：University of Bonn; University of Bergen; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Cologne; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
  摘要：In a large-scale online experiment with U.S. Democrats, we examine how the demand for a newsletter about an economic relief plan changes when the newsletter content is fact-checked. We first document an overall muted demand for fact-checking when the newsletter features stories from an ideologically aligned source, even though fact-checking increases the perceived accuracy of the newsletter. The aver-age impact of fact-checking masks substantial heterogeneity by ideology: fact-checking reduces...
• Do social media ads matter for political behavior? A field experiment AI翻译
  作者：Beknazar-Yuzbashev, George; Stalinski, Mateusz
  作者单位：Columbia University; University of Chicago
  摘要：We exploit Facebook's introduction of a filter hiding ads from the feed as a unique opportunity to study the effects of online ads on political behavior. In a pre-registered experiment, we randomly assigned par-ticipants to hide political ads (treatment) or alcohol ads (control) for several weeks preceding the 2020 US elections. We report an insignificant intent-to-treat effect of political ads on turnout (2.3 pp.), but we can-not rule out a sizable positive effect, with 95% confidence interva...
• An evaluation of the Paycheck Protection Program using administrative payroll microdata AI翻译
  作者：Autor, David; Cho, David; Crane, Leland D.; Goldar, Mita; Lutz, Byron; Montes, Joshua; Peterman, William B.; Ratner, David; Villar, Daniel; Yildirmaz, Ahu
  作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors
  摘要：The Paycheck Protection Program (PPP), a principal element of the fiscal stimulus enacted by Congress in response to the COVID-19 economic shock, was intended to assist small businesses to maintain employment and wages during the crisis, as well as cover other expenses. We use high-frequency administrative payroll data from ADP-one of the world's largest payroll processing firms-to estimate the causal effect of the PPP on the evolution of employment at PPP-eligible firms relative to PPP-inelig...
• Workplace disruptions, judge caseloads, and judge decisions: Evidence from SSA judicial corps retirements AI翻译
  作者：Shumway, Clayson; Wilson, Riley
  作者单位：North Carolina State University; Brigham Young University
  摘要：We exploit judge retirements from the Social Security Disability Insurance judicial corps to document how remaining judges respond to workplace disruptions. When a peer judge retires, the remaining judges see a 5 percent increase in dispositions and decisions that lasts 6 months. Institutional features of the disability appeal process allow us to estimate what happens to judge decisions when caseloads increase, holding the composition of cases fixed. Increased caseloads are accompanied by a 1 ...
• Environmental taxes and productivity: Lessons from Canadian manufacturing AI翻译
  作者：Yamazaki, Akio
  作者单位：National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies
  摘要：This paper investigates how environmental taxes affect manufacturing productivity by examining British Columbia's revenue-neutral carbon tax. I develop a new hypothesis, the Productivity Dividend Hypothesis, to show that environmental taxes can positively affect productivity by recycling tax revenues to reduce corporate income taxes. This revenue-recycling increases investment and could raise productivity more than environmental taxes lower productivity by diverting resources from production. ...
• The Pandemic's effect on demand for public schools, homeschooling, and private schools AI翻译
  作者：Musaddiq, Tareena; Stange, Kevin; Bacher-Hicks, Andrew; Goodman, Joshua
  作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Boston University
  摘要：The Covid-19 pandemic drastically disrupted the functioning of U.S. public schools, potentially changing the relative appeal of alternatives such as homeschooling and private schools. We study changes in families' choices of school sector using longitudinal student-level administrative data from Michigan and nationally representative data from the Census Household Pulse Survey. Public school enrollment declined noticeably in fall 2020, with 3 percent of Michigan students and 10 percent of kind...
• When scale and replication work: Learning from summer youth employment experiments AI翻译
  作者：Heller, Sara B.
  作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; National Bureau of Economic Research
  摘要：This paper combines two new summer youth employment experiments in Chicago and Philadelphia with previously published evidence to show how repeated study of an intervention as it scales and changes contexts can guide decisions about public investment. Two sources of treatment heterogeneity can undermine the scale-up and replication of successful human capital interventions: variation in the treatment itself and in individual responsiveness. Results show that these programs generate consistentl...
• The medicaid windfall: Medicaid expansions and the target efficiency of hospital safety-net subsidies AI翻译
  作者：Nikpay, Sayeh
  作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
  摘要：Federal hospital safety-net subsidy programs seek to defray costs of uncompensated hospital care, but eligibility criteria are based on Medicaid volume. Therefore, subsidies have poor target efficiency: hospitals that provide large amounts of uncompensated care may not receive subsidies (exclusion error), while hospitals that provide little uncompensated care may receive subsidies (inclusion error). Medicaid expansions may exacerbate poor targeting by increasing Medicaid patient volume while r...
• Stalin and the origins of mistrust AI翻译
  作者：Nikolova, Milena; Popova, Olga; Otrachshenko, Vladimir
  作者单位：University of Groningen; Brookings Institution; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Charles University Prague; Czech Academy of Sciences; Economics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Ural Federal University; Justus Liebig University Giessen
  摘要：We examine current differences in trust levels within the countries of the former Soviet Union (FSU) and trace their origins back to the system of forced labor during Stalin, which was marked by high incarceration rates and harsh punishments. We explore whether those exposed to knowledge about the repressions became less trusting and transferred this social norm to future generations and communities. We argue that political repressions were more salient and visible to local communities living ...