-
作者：Hut, Stefan; Oster, Emily
作者单位：Amazon.com; Brown University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We use grocery purchase data to analyze dietary changes. We show that dietary change is unusual, even in response to significant disease diagnosis or changes in household circumstances. We then identify a small subset of households which show significant dietary changes (either improvements or worsened diet). We use machine learning to predict these households and find dietary concentration is a significant predictor of change. Households tend to change a small subset of food items at a time, ...
-
作者：Reisinger, James
摘要：Survey measures of depression are increasingly used by economics researchers to provide a nuanced account of well-being. I show that levels of depression reported using such measures are significantly understated and levels of happiness significantly overstated in survey interviews conducted using a response mode that does not allow for anonymous reporting compared to a mode that does in three lon-gitudinal surveys widely used in economics research. I exploit randomized assignment to survey mo...
-
作者：He, Guojun; Peng, Wenwei
作者单位：University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology
摘要：ABSTR A C T Police complicity in organized crime is not uncommon, yet it is extremely difficult to examine empiri-cally. Using unique sex transaction data from China, we show that police can be complicit in organized prostitution. Specifically, we document that sauna houses and massage parlors with greater neighbor-hood police density are likely to be protected by police and thus can host higher-risk, higher-penalty sex business. The complicity effect is particularly salient during periods of ...
-
作者：Kim, Woojin
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：How did the introduction of mass commercial television in the postwar era change American consumer behavior? Media scholars and U.S. historians claim that TV with its unprecedented advertising appeal drew Americans into a culture of upscaling and purchasing products for social status. I test this prevailing theory using newly digitized nationwide county-level retail sales data from the Census of Business series. I compare growth in retail sales between areas with and without local TV service o...
-
作者：Fadlon, Itzik; Laibson, David
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; National Bureau of Economic Research; Harvard University; Harvard University
摘要：Resource allocations are jointly determined by the actions of social planners and households. We study economies in which households have private information about their tastes and have a distribution of behavioral propensities: optimal, myopic, or passive. In such economies, we show that utilitarian plan-ners enact policies such as Social Security and default savings that cause equilibrium consumption smoothing (on average in the cross-section of households). Our framework resolves tensions i...
-
作者：de Bresser, Jochem; Knoef, Marike
作者单位：Tilburg University; Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University
摘要：This paper introduces a new survey item through which to measure people's preferences toward income redistribution. Respondents construct their preferred distribution of after-tax income by changing the tax rates of the bottom four income quintiles. Taxes for the top quintile update automatically in order to keep government revenues fixed and take into account behavioral effects on pre-tax income. Data from a large, representative sample of the Dutch population indicates that around 50-60% of ...
-
作者：Goda, Gopi Shah; Jones, Damon; Ramnath, Shanthi
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; Stanford University; University of Chicago; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Chicago
摘要：We investigate the impact of the early withdrawal penalty on Individual Retirement Account (IRA) with-drawals by examining behavior in a short window before and after the age when the penalty is lifted. We find a large, sudden increase in withdrawals after the penalty's expiration of 3-3.5 times the baseline level, with no evidence of anticipatory behavior. After one month, average withdrawals decline to and persist at approximately double the baseline. We find that the short-run increase is m...
-
作者：Bilicka, Katarzyna; Qi, Yaxuan; Xing, Jing
作者单位：Utah System of Higher Education; Utah State University; National Bureau of Economic Research; City University of Hong Kong; Shanghai Jiao Tong University
摘要：We analyze how multinational firms reallocate real operations and debt across their affiliates in response to anti-tax avoidance policies. The UK introduced a worldwide debt cap in 2010, generating a quasi -natural experiment that limited interest deductibility for a group of multinational firms. We find that multinationals affected by the reform reduced the amount of debt held in the UK and increased debt held abroad. Affected multinationals reallocated a share of their real operations away f...
-
作者：Blesse, Sebastian; Diegmann, Andre
作者单位：Leibniz Association; Zentrum fur Europaische Wirtschaftsforschung (ZEW); Leibniz Association; Leibniz Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung Halle (IWH)
摘要：Many countries consolidate their police forces by closing down local police stations. Police stations represent an important and visible aspect of the organization of police forces. We provide novel evidence on the effect of centralizing police offices through the closure of local police stations on crime outcomes. Combining matching with a difference-in-differences specification, we find an increase in reported car theft and burglary in residential properties. Our results are consistent with ...
-
作者：Alstadsaeter, Annette; Johannesen, Niels; Herry, Segal Le Guern; Zucman, Gabriel
作者单位：Norwegian University of Life Sciences; University of Copenhagen; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Exploiting rich administrative data and salient policy variation, we study the substitution between illegal tax evasion and legal tax avoidance. By increasing its enforcement effort, the Norwegian government pushed many wealthy individuals to disclose assets previously hidden abroad. We find that the taxes paid by these individuals rise 30% at the time of disclosure and that the rise is sustained over time. After stopping to evade, taxpayers do not start avoiding more. Our results suggest that...
