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作者：Keen, M; Marchand, M
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Much attention has been given to the impact of fiscal competition on the level of public expenditure, but relatively little to the impact on its composition. Using a broadly familiar and reasonably rich model of fiscal competition in the presence of mobile capital, this paper establishes a systematic bias in public spending patterns: starting from the non-cooperative equilibrium, and holding tax rates constant, welfare would be improved by a coordinated reduction in the provision of local publ...
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作者：Sutherland, A
摘要：This paper shows how the power of fiscal policy to affect consumption can vary depending on the level of public debt. At moderate levels of debt fiscal policy has the traditional keynesian effects, Current generations of consumers discount future taxes because they may not be alive when taxes are raised (or there will be a larger population available to pay the taxes). But when debt reaches extreme values, current generations of consumers know there is a high probability that they will have to...
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作者：Boardman, A; Vertinsky, I; Whistler, D
摘要：Analysis and evaluation of regulatory actions require inexpensive and timely information about resultant costs and benefits. This paper extends the traditional 'event study' methodology for assessing the impact of regulatory actions on the value of publicly traded firms. We use diffusion theory to construct several models of how markets adjust to regulatory events. Ex ante preference for a particular model is based on prior knowledge about the characteristics of the regulatory event and inform...
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作者：Blomqvist, A; Johansson, PO
作者单位：Western University (University of Western Ontario); Stockholm School of Economics
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作者：Dick, AW; Edlin, AS
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of Rochester
摘要：Families who earn more or who heed the ''experts'' advice and save for college typically receive less financial aid. The financial aid system therefore implicitly taxes both income and assets. We use NPSAS aid award data to estimate these implicit taxes, and find that at average-priced colleges the marginal-income tax ranges from 2 to 16% and the marginal asset levy from 8 to 26%. A typical family loses aid worth about $11 000 at average-priced colleges and $15 000 at expensive colleges by acc...
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作者：LeiteMonteiro, M
作者单位：Universite Catholique Louvain
摘要：It is generally believed that international labour mobility lowers the level of redistribution each country wishes to undertake. This paper considers a model with two countries where each government redistributes income between two types of individuals. Using a general equilibrium model it is shown that there are situations where the level of redistribution in one of the two countries is in fact higher than in the absence of individual mobility. This higher level of redistribution is explained...
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作者：Besley, T; Preston, I; Ridge, M
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of London; University College London; Brunel University
摘要：The UK's experience with the poll tax reminds us that even in an economy with a relatively well developed detection and legal system, one cannot take tax compliance for granted. The experience of the poll tax provides a unique opportunity to study many dimensions of tax compliance. We model nonpayment rates in a short panel of data on the English local authorities. The transparent observability of liabilities makes reliable measurement of rates of nonpayment possible. Moreover, these rates ros...
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作者：DeFraja, G
作者单位：Chuo University
摘要：This paper studies the optimal regulatory policy in a marker where entry may occur. In the event of entry, the regulator regulates the incumbent, but not the entrant. We show that the effect of entry on prices depends on the length of the interval between regulatory reviews: if the gap is long, then the market outcome following entry has a higher price than it would have with a shorter gap. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A.
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作者：Sinn, HW
作者单位：University of Munich
摘要：If governments stepped in where markets failed, reintroducing markets through the backdoor of systems competition will again result in marl:et failure. Three models are presented which illustrate this wisdom. The first is concerned with congestion-prone public goods and shows that fiscal competition may be ruinous for the governments. The second considers the insurance function of redistributive taxation and shows that systems competition may suffer from adverse selection. The third studies th...
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作者：Agell, J; Lommerud, KE
作者单位：University of Bergen
摘要：We show that minimum wages may have beneficial effects on human capital allocation in a situation when the marginal product of skilled labor is shared between firm and worker according to bargaining strength. Firms prefer more productive workers to less productive ones, and workers that do not match up to a certain productivity floor are not hired. A minimum wage increases the productivity requirement. To hang on to the primary sector, workers of intermediate talent are then induced to acquire...
