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作者：Mialon, Hugo M.; Mialon, Sue H.; Stinchcombe, Maxwell B.
作者单位：Emory University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：We develop a counterterrorism model to analyze the effects of allowing a government agency to torture suspects when evidence of terrorist involvement is strong. We find that legalizing torture in strong-evidence cases has offsetting effects on agency incentives to counter terrorism by means other than torture. It lowers these incentives because the agency may come to rely on torture to avert attacks. However, it also increases these incentives because other efforts may increase the probability...
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作者：Barrios, Salvador; Huizinga, Harry; Laeven, Luc; Nicodeme, Gaetan
作者单位：European Commission Joint Research Centre; Tilburg University; Tilburg University; Universite Libre de Bruxelles
摘要：Using a large international firm-level data set, we examine the separate effects of host and additional parent country taxation on the location decisions of multinational firms. Both types of taxation are estimated to have a negative impact on the location of new foreign subsidiaries. The impact of parent country taxation is estimated to be sizeable consistent with its international discriminatory nature. Our results show that international double taxation by the parent country - despite the g...
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作者：Figlio, David N.; Fletcher, Deborah
作者单位：Northwestern University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University System of Ohio; Miami University
摘要：The existing literature on the relationship between the share of elderly in a community and the support for local public education has led to mixed results to date. One potential reason behind this is that the share of elderly in a community is endogenous, and it is very difficult to disentangle the effects of individuals aging in place from that of dynamic Tiebout sorting. The point of this paper is to carefully document the degree to which aging in place has occurred in the American suburbs,...
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作者：Laitner, John; Silverman, Dan
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：This paper proposes and analyzes a Social Security reform in which individuals no longer face the OASI payroll tax after, say, age 54 or a career of 34 years, and their subsequent earnings have no bearing on their benefits. We first estimate parameters of a life-cycle model. Our specification includes non-separable preferences and possible disability. It predicts a consumption-expenditure change at retirement. We use the magnitude of the expenditure change, together with households' retirement...
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作者：Fevrier, Philippe; Linnemer, Laurent; Visser, Michael
作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
摘要：A viager real estate transaction consists in selling a property in return for a down payment and a life annuity that the buyer has to pay until the seller dies. This paper tests for the presence of asymmetric information in this market using notarial data on transactions in Paris between 1993 and 2001. We first derive and test empirically a no arbitrage condition stating that the price of a viager has to be equal to its expected returns. Using this condition, we identify the type of the seller...
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作者：Schuett, Florian; Wagner, Alexander K.
作者单位：Tilburg University; University of Konstanz
摘要：Hindsight bias is a cognitive deficiency that leads people to overestimate ex post how predictable an event was. In this paper we develop a political-agency model in which voters are hindsight-biased and politicians differ in ability, defined as information concerning the optimal policy. When public information is not too accurate, low-ability politicians sometimes gamble on suboptimal policies: in an attempt to mimic the high-ability type, who has superior private information, they go against...
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作者：Almas, Ingvild; Cappelen, Alexander W.; Lind, Jo Thori; Sorensen, Erik O.; Tungodden, Bertil
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); University of Oslo
摘要：This paper shows one way of generalizing the standard framework of inequality measurement to allow for a distinction between fair and unfair inequalities. We introduce the unfairness Lorenz curve and the unfairness Gini, which are generalizations of the standard versions of the Lorenz curve and the Gini. With this more general framework in place, we study the implications of responsibility-sensitive theories of justice for the evaluation of the income distribution in Norway from 1986 to 2005. ...
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作者：Aaberge, Rolf; Mogstad, Magne; Peragine, Vito
作者单位：Statistics Norway; University of Oslo; Universita degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro
摘要：In this paper, we introduce a new family of rank-dependent measures of inequality and social welfare; consistent with the equality of opportunity (EOp) principle. The proposed framework can be used to measure long-term as well as short-term EOp, depending on whether we let permanent income or snapshots of income form the basis of the analysis. Furthermore, it allows for both an ex-ante and an ex-post approach to EOp. There is long-term ex-post inequality of opportunity if individuals who exert...
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作者：Krautheim, Sebastian; Schmidt-Eisenlohr, Tim
作者单位：University of Oxford; Goethe University Frankfurt
摘要：Larger firms are more likely to use tax haven operations to exploit international tax differences. We study tax competition between a large country and a tax haven. In the large country, heterogeneous firms operate under monopolistic competition and can choose to shift profits abroad. We show that a higher degree of firm heterogeneity (a mean-preserving spread of the cost distribution) increases the degree of tax competition, i.e. it decreases the equilibrium tax rate of the large country, lea...
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作者：Chong, Alberto; Guillen, Jorge; Lopez-de-Silanes, Florencio
作者单位：Inter-American Development Bank; George Washington University; Universite Catholique de Lille; EDHEC Business School
摘要：Using new data we analyze retrenchment programs before privatization, their effect on prices paid and rehiring policies pursued by the new private owners. We find evidence in support of skimming and adverse selection. We find that some labor retrenchment policies have a negative impact on net privatization prices, even after taking sample selection bias and endogeneity into account. Some downsizing policies may lead to a higher frequency of post-privatization re-hiring. Skill-biased retrenchme...
