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作者：Griffith, Rachel; Miller, Helen; O'Connell, Martin
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Manchester; University of London; University College London
摘要：Intellectual property accounts for a growing share of firms' assets. It is more mobile than other forms of capital, and could be used by firms to shift income offshore and to reduce their corporate income tax liability. We consider how influential corporate income taxes are in determining where firms choose to legally own intellectual property. We estimate a mixed (or random coefficients) logit model that incorporates important observed and unobserved heterogeneity in firms' location choices. ...
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作者：Bruelhart, Marius; Parchet, Raphael
作者单位：University of Lausanne; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Universita della Svizzera Italiana
摘要：Interjurisdictional competition over mobile tax bases is an easily understood mechanism, but actual tax-base elasticities are difficult to estimate. Political pressure for reducing tax rates could therefore be based on erroneous estimates of the mobility of tax bases. We show that tax competition provided the most prominent argument in the policy debates leading to a succession of reforms of bequest taxation by Swiss cantons. Yet, canton-level panel data spanning multiple bequest tax reforms o...
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作者：Jacobs, Bas; Boadway, Robin
作者单位：Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Queens University - Canada; Tinbergen Institute; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：This paper analyzes optimal linear commodity taxes joint with non-linear income taxes. We provide optimal tax rules based on empirically observable elasticities, earnings and commodity demands. We demonstrate that commodities should be taxed/subsidized if - conditional on earnings - doing so boosts labor supply as the critical role of commodity taxation is to alleviate distortions on labor supply caused by income taxation. We extend the standard formula for optimal non-linear income taxation f...
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作者：Novy-Marx, Robert; Rauh, Joshua D.
作者单位：University of Rochester; National Bureau of Economic Research; Stanford University
摘要：This paper calculates the effect that introducing risk-sharing during either retirement or the working life would have on public sector pension liabilities. We begin by considering the introduction of a variable annuity for the retirement phase in which positive benefit adjustments are granted each year only if asset returns surpass 5%. This change would reduce unfunded accrued liabilities by over half, and would lower the annual contribution increases required to target full funding in 30 yea...
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作者：Yan, Jia; Winston, Clifford
作者单位：Washington State University; Brookings Institution
摘要：Travelers and airlines are frustrated by long and costly travel delays at public airports that are attributable to runway charges that do not account for aircraft congestion. Because the inefficient charges are likely to persist, we explore whether private airport competition could lead to more efficient charges that improve travelers' welfare, increase airlines' profits, and enable the airports to be profitable. We use the San Francisco Bay Area for our assessment and identify important condi...
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作者：Bauer, Christian; Davies, Ronald B.; Haufler, Andreas
作者单位：University of Munich; University College Dublin; University of Munich
摘要：This paper links recent tax-rate-cut-cum-base-broadening reforms of corporate taxation to the closer integration of international trade. We study the corporate tax structure in a small open economy with heterogeneous firms, in a setting where it is optimal to subsidize capital inputs by granting a tax allowance in excess of the true costs of capital. Economic integration reduces the optimal capital subsidy and drives low-productivity firms from the small country's home market, replacing them w...
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作者：Fosgaard, Toke R.; Hansen, Lars Garn; Wengstrom, Erik
作者单位：University of Copenhagen; University of Copenhagen; Lund University
摘要：Our paper investigates framing effects in a large-scale public good experiment. We measure indicators of explanations previously proposed in the literature, which when combined with the large sample, enable us to estimate a structural model of framing effects. The model captures potential causal effects and the heterogeneity of cooperation behavior. We find that framing only has a small effect on the average level of cooperation but a substantial effect on behavioral heterogeneity explained al...
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作者：Zubrickas, Robertas
作者单位：University of Bath
摘要：We introduce refund bonuses into the provision point mechanism. If a total contribution is less than the provision point, each contributor receives not only his contribution refunded but also a refund bonus the size of which is proportional to the contribution made. However, because of competition for refund bonuses the provision point is reached in equilibrium. Furthermore, the mechanism can uniquely implement the public good project with Lindahl prices. The mechanism also has other applicati...
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作者：Gordon, Roger H.; Kopczuk, Wojciech
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Columbia University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Starting with Vickrey (1945) and Mirrlees (1971), the optimal tax literature has studied the design of a personal income tax. The assumed ideal would be to tax earnings ability. Earnings ability is unobservable for tax purposes, however. Past papers have focused instead on designing a tax on labor income. Existing tax bases, though, depend on a broader range of information about each individual than just labor income. In principle, this supplementary information can help in designing a tax tha...
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作者：Foremny, Dirk; Riedel, Nadine
作者单位：University of Barcelona; Ruhr University Bochum
摘要：The purpose of this paper is to assess whether the timing of elections affects tax policy choices. To do so, we exploit information on the German local business tax which is set autonomously by German municipalities. As the dates for local council elections vary across German states, the data allows us to disentangle effects related to the timing of elections from common trends. The findings support the notion of a political cycle in tax setting as the growth in local business tax rates is sig...
