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作者：Mas-Montserrat, Mariona; Duran-Cabre, Jose Maria; Esteller-More, Alejandro
作者单位：University of Barcelona
摘要：As a consequence of the Great Recession, the Spanish government reintroduced the Wealth Tax in 2011. We exploit the variation in wealth tax exposure to analyse taxpayers' responses to this reintroduction. While facing higher wealth taxes did not discourage savings, results indicate that a 0.1 percentage point increase in the average tax rate leads to a reduction in taxable wealth of 3.21% over 4 years. In particular, the reduction in taxable wealth comes from taking advantage of exemptions, mo...
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作者：Hummel, Albert Jan
作者单位：Tinbergen Institute; University of Amsterdam; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：This paper studies optimal income taxation in an environment where matching frictions generate a trade-off for workers between high wages and low unemployment risk. A higher marginal tax rate shifts the trade-off in favor of low unemployment risk, whereas a higher tax burden or unemployment benefit has the opposite effect. Changes in unemployment generate fiscal externalities, which modify optimal tax formulas. A calibration exercise to the US economy suggests that optimal marginal tax rates a...
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作者：Battaglini, Marco; Palfrey, Thomas R.
作者单位：California Institute of Technology
摘要：We study the volunteer's dilemma with heterogeneous costs and private information. We characterize efficiency properties of equilibrium. While the probability of success-the focus of previous theoretical analysis-may be strictly decreasing in group size, per-capita welfare is always increasing for every possible cost, strictly for sufficiently high costs. As group size increases, the expected utility of every member, regardless of their cost, converges to the expected utility of a member with ...
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作者：Altindag, Duha T.; Cole, Samuel; Filiz, Elif S.
作者单位：Auburn University System; Auburn University; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Milwaukee; University of Southern California; University of Southern Mississippi
摘要：Past research shows that students' educational outcomes improve when their race matches their teachers' and they are significantly younger than their teachers. This study examines whether these racial congruence effects apply to students who are older than their instructors. Using administrative data from a university with a significant population of non-traditional-aged students and focusing on required classes to eliminate strategic instructor choice possibility, we find that race matches ar...
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作者：Parmigiani, Alberto
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：What is the relationship between campaign contributions and legislative behavior of elected representatives? In this paper, I find that more concentrated donations negatively correlate with three costly legislative endeavors of members of Congress: bill sponsorship, speechmaking on the floor and witness appearances before committees. For bill sponsorship, the negative correlation is stronger for topics related to redistribution, such as health and social welfare bills. To interpret these resul...
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作者：Fisman, Raymond; States, Giovanna Marcolongo; Wu, Meng
作者单位：Boston University; Bocconi University; Xiamen University; Xiamen University
摘要：We examine the effects of Ukraine's economic blockade of the anthracite-rich Donbas region, to demonstrate how trade sanctions' efficacy can be undermined by trade through non-participatory nations. We document that after the blockade was imposed in March 2017, Russia reported a sharp increase in anthracite imports from Ukraine, while Ukraine reported no exports to Russia at all. We interpret this gap in mirror statistics as reflecting a shift in Donbas trade through Russia. Concurrently, Ukra...
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作者：Attanasio, Orazio P.; de Paula, Aureo; Toppeta, Alessandro
作者单位：Yale University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of London; University College London; Stockholm University
摘要：This paper investigates the intergenerational transmission of socio-emotional skills during childhood, using data from the 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70) in the United Kingdom. This dataset enables us to measure two dimensions of socio-emotional development: internalising and externalising skills. More importantly, we can use multiple measures of parents' skills collected during both their childhood and their adulthood. Whereas parent-child skills are strongly related when both are measured...
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作者：Levere, Michael; Wittenburg, David; Jones, John T.
作者单位：Westat
摘要：We study how disability beneficiary work behavior responds to a rule change that replaces a cash cliff-a threshold above which benefits reduce to zero-with a benefit offset ramp-where benefits are gradually phased out. Using a randomized controlled trial with over 10,000 Social Security Disability Insurance beneficiaries who voluntarily enrolled in the demonstration, we find precisely estimated null effects on earnings, income, and benefit amounts. An analysis of mechanisms indicates that admi...
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作者：Bagues, Manuel; Dimitrova, Velichka
作者单位：University of Warwick; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of Warwick
摘要：We estimate the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on psychological well-being using information from a large-scale panel survey representative of the UK population. Exploiting exogenous variation in the timing of vaccinations, we find that vaccination increases psychological well-being (GHQ-12) by 0.12 standard deviations, compensating for one-half of the deterioration in mental health caused by the pandemic. This improvement persists for at least two months, and is linked to higher engagement in...
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作者：Taehtinen, Tuuli
作者单位：Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Munich
摘要：Populist parties have gained significant power in European politics in the last decades, raising concerns about the potentially contagious effect of populism. I study how populist party representation in local councils affects other parties' ideological positions. I use variation created by close elections to identify ideological shifts resulting from a change in party representation, holding voter preferences constant. I use candidate-level data from a voting advice application to estimate id...
