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作者：Campbell, Richard Cole; Robbins, Jacob A.
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital
摘要：Private companies account for almost half of aggregate sales and profits of the US economy, but valuing them is difficult due to lack of public market data. This paper uses two databases of private business transactions to estimate valuation ratios and applies them to private business aggregates. We estimate aggregate private business wealth of $14.1 trillion in 2018, twice as large as measured in the Financial Accounts. Our estimates of partnership wealth are six times larger than Financial A...
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作者：Prem, Mounu; Purroy, Miguel E.; Vargas, Juan F.
作者单位：The World Bank; Collegio Carlo Alberto
摘要：Anti-personnel landmines pose a significant barrier to long-term development, threatening lives and obstructing mobility, preventing agricultural investments, market access and schooling. By analyzing geolocated data on demining operations in Colombia and taking advantage of its staggered implementation, we show that comprehensive humanitarian demining, involving affected communities, significantly boosts economic activity and population density, particularly in areas with better market access...
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作者：Chung, Bobby W.; Zou, Jian
作者单位：State University System of Florida; University of South Florida; Cornell University
摘要：Occupational licensing potentially benefits consumers by requiring workers minimum training but at the cost of reducing supply. We study this trade-off by evaluating the recent controversial roll-out of the educative Teacher Performance Assessment (edTPA) that raises the entry requirement of public schoolteachers - the largest licensed profession in the US. Leveraging the quasi-experimental setting of different adoption timing by states, we analyze multiple data sources containing a national s...
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作者：Grossman, Daniel; Khalil, Umair; Panza, Laura
作者单位：West Virginia University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Deakin University; University of Melbourne; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：We study the intergenerational health consequences of forced displacement and incarceration of Japanese Americans in the US during WWII. Incarcerated mothers had babies who were less healthy at birth. This decrease in health represents a shift in the entire birthweight distribution due to exposure to prison camps. Imprisoned individuals were less likely to have children with fathers of other ethnic groups but were more likely to invest in education, and participate in the labor market. Despite...
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作者：Fang, Hanming; Zhang, Rongjie
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; National Bureau of Economic Research; National University of Singapore
摘要：In an anti-corruption campaign, government officials have strong incentives to avoid taking actions that may trigger disciplinary investigations. In China's land sales market, we find that the fraction of residential land parcels purchased by State-Owned-Enterprises (SOE) developers significantly increased after the anti-corruption campaign compared to those purchased by private developers. This result is partly driven by the following mechanism: Because selling land to private developers carr...
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作者：Ruffini, Krista; Ozturk, Orgul; Pekgun, Pelin
作者单位：Georgetown University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of South Carolina System; University of South Carolina Columbia; Wake Forest University
摘要：Many community organizations provide services similar to government programs, but there is limited evidence how increased government aid affects the use and availability of charitable services. This study examines how greater access to federal nutrition assistance through schoolwide free meal programs affects food bank use within the U.S.'s largest food bank network. A 10 percent increase in access to free school meals reduces the amount of food that food banks distribute by 0.9-1.4 percent, w...
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作者：Bonica, Adam; Grumbach, Jacob M.
作者单位：Stanford University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：Politicians in the United States rank among the oldest globally. This study examines how money in politics contributes to age inequality in political representation. Using record-linkage to construct a novel data set combining the ages of voters, donors, and candidates, we find that the median dollar in US elections comes from a 66-year-old - significantly older than the median voter, candidate, or elected official. Results from within-district and within-donor analyses confirm that age proxim...
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作者：De Jaegher, Kris; Soltes, Michal; Titl, Vitezslav
作者单位：Utrecht University; Charles University Prague; KU Leuven
摘要：Public procurement contracts require frequent renegotiation. Exploiting a natural experiment induced by the implementation of an EU policy in the Czech Republic, we examine the effect of easing renegotiation rules on the outcomes of public procurement. We document that the policy decreased winning bids but did not change the final price, as post-award renegotiations offset the initial bid reductions. We find no evidence of a decline in the quality of the delivered procurement projects. We rati...
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作者：Henkel, Aljosha; Fehr, Ernst; Senn, Julien; Epper, Thomas
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; University of Zurich; IESEG School of Management; Universite de Lille; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
摘要：Do beliefs about inequality depend on distributive preferences? What is the joint role of preferences and beliefs about inequality for support for redistribution? We study these questions in a staggered experiment with a broadly representative sample of the Swiss population conducted in the context of a vote on a highly redistributive policy proposal. Our sample comprises a majority of inequality averse subjects, a sizeable group of altruistic subjects, and a minority of predominantly selfish ...
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作者：Erkut, Hande; Reuben, Ernesto
作者单位：New York University; New York University Abu Dhabi
摘要：This paper studies the causal impact of social ties and network structure on helping behavior in organizations. We introduce and experimentally study a game called the 'helping game,' where individuals unilaterally decide whether to incur a cost to help other team members when helping is a rivalrous good. We find that social ties have a strong positive effect on helping behavior. Individuals are more likely to help those with whom they are connected, but the likelihood of helping decreases as ...
