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作者：Jack, B. Kelsey; Recalde, Maria P.
作者单位：Tufts University; CGIAR; International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)
摘要：We conduct a controlled field experiment in 52 communities in rural Bolivia to investigate the effect that local authorities have on voluntary public good provision. In our study, community members pool resources to provide environmental education material for local schools. We find that voluntary contributions increase when democratically elected local authorities lead by example. The results are driven by two factors: (1) authorities, like other individuals, give more when they are called up...
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作者：Balsvik, Ragnhild; Jensen, Sissel; Salvanes, Kjell G.
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：We analyze whether increased exposure to import competition from China threatens the Nordic model. We find negative employment effects for low-skilled workers, and observe that low-skilled workers tend to be pushed into unemployment or leave the labor force altogether. We find no evidence of wage effects. We partly expect this in a Nordic model where firms are flexible at the employment margin, while centralized wage bargaining provides less flexibility at the wage margin. The import shock is ...
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作者：Echazu, Luciana; Nocetti, Diego
作者单位：Clarkson University
摘要：The current consensus is that, due to the free rider problem, a theory of charitable giving based exclusively on altruism cannot explain the levels of contributions and participation observed in the data. In contrast in this paper we demonstrate that altruism may have more predictive power than previously understood. We present a model in which the object of altruism is a large number of potential recipients of a good for which there is a target level of provision (e.g. an acute malnutrition t...
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作者：Lavy, Victor; Zablotsky, Alexander
作者单位：University of Warwick; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper studies the effect of mothers' education on fertility in a mostly Muslim population with very low female labor force participation. We first show that a removal of travel restrictions on Israeli Arabs had raised female education and had almost no effect on male education. Next, we show that it lowered fertility rates among exposed women, which we interpret as an effect of female education on fertility. We rule out labor-force participation, age at marriage, marriage and divorce rate...
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作者：Goyal, Sanjeev; Vigier, Adrien
作者单位：University of Cambridge; University of Cambridge; University of Oslo
摘要：Individuals respond to the risk of contagious infections by restricting interaction and by investing in protection. We develop a model that examines the trade-off between these two actions and the consequences for infection rates. There exists a unique equilibrium: individuals who invest in protection choose to interact more relative to those who do not invest in protection. Changes in the contagiousness of the disease have non-monotonic effects: as a result interaction initially falls and the...
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作者：Moore, Timothy J.
作者单位：George Washington University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Few social security disability insurance (DI) beneficiaries return to the labor force, making it hard to assess their likely employment in the absence of benefits. Using administrative data, I examine the employment of individuals who lost DI eligibility after the 1996 removal of drug and alcohol addictions as qualifying conditions. Approximately 22% started working at levels that would have disqualified them for DI, an employment response that is large relative to their work histories. Those ...
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作者：Schmitz, Patrick W.
作者单位：University of Cologne; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：The government and a non-governmental organization (NGO) can invest in the provision of a public good. Who should be the owner of the public project? In an incomplete contracting model in which ex post negotiations are without frictions, the party that values the public good most should be the owner, regardless of technological aspects. However, under the plausible assumption that there are bargaining frictions, the optimal ownership structure depends on technological aspects and on the partie...
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作者：Ambrus, Attila; Greiner, Ben; Pathak, Parag A.
作者单位：Duke University; University of New South Wales Sydney; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper experimentally investigates how individual preferences, through unrestricted deliberation, are aggregated into a group decision in two contexts: reciprocating gifts and choosing between lotteries. In both contexts, we find that median group members have a significant impact on the group decision, but the median is not the only influential group member. Non-median members closer to the median tend to have more influence than other members. By investigating the same individual's influ...
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作者：Gustman, Alan L.; Steinmeier, Thomas L.
作者单位：Dartmouth College; Texas Tech University System; Texas Tech University
摘要：An enhanced version of a structural model jointly explains benefit claiming, wealth and retirement, including reversals from states of lesser to greater work. The model is estimated with Health and Retirement Study data. Alternative beliefs about the future of Social Security affect claiming behavior. Effects of three potential policies are also examined: increasing the early entitlement age, increasing the full retirement age, and eliminating the payroll tax for seniors. Predicted responses t...
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作者：Ravallion, Martin; Chen, Shaohua
作者单位：Georgetown University; National Bureau of Economic Research; The World Bank
摘要：In what is probably the largest cash transfer program in the world today China's Dibao program aims to fill all poverty gaps. In theory, the program creates a poverty trap, with 100% benefit withdrawal rate (BWR). But is that what we see in practice? The paper proposes an econometric method of estimating the mean BWR allowing for incentive effects, measurement errors and correlated latent heterogeneity. Under the method's identifying assumptions, a feasible instrumental variables estimator cor...
