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作者：Oreopoulos, Philip; Page, Marianne E.; Stevens, Ann Huff
作者单位：University of Toronto; University of California System; University of California Davis
摘要：This article attempts to improve our understanding of the causal processes that contribute to intergenerational immobility by exploiting historical changes in compulsory schooling laws that affected the educational attainment of parents without affecting their innate abilities or endowments. We examine the influence of parental compulsory schooling on children's grade-for-age using the 1960, 1970, and 1980 U. S. censuses. Our estimates indicate that a 1-year increase in the education of either...
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作者：Azmat, G; Güell, M; Manning, A
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Pompeu Fabra University
摘要：In some OECD countries the male and female unemployment rates are very similar but in others (notably the Mediterranean countries) the female unemployment rate is much higher than the male. Explaining these cross-country differences is the subject of this article. We show that, in countries where there is a large gender gap in unemployment rates, there is a gender gap in both flows from employment into unemployment and from unemployment into employment. We conclude that differences in human ca...
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作者：Kvaloy, O; Olsen, TE
作者单位：Universitetet i Stavanger
摘要：The article analyzes conditions for implementing incentive schemes based on, respectively, joint, relative, and independent performance in a relational contract between a principal and a team of two interacting agents. A main result is that the optimal incentive regime depends crucially on the productivity of the agents. This occurs because agents' productivities affect the principal's temptation to renege on the relational contract. The analysis suggests that we will see a higher frequency of...
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作者：Bollinger, Christopher R.; Hirsch, Barry T.
作者单位：University of Kentucky; Trinity University
摘要：This article examines match bias arising from earnings imputation. Wage equation parameters are estimated from mixed samples of workers reporting and not reporting earnings, the latter assigned earnings of donors. Regressions including attributes not used as imputation match criteria ( e. g., union) are severely biased. Match bias also arises with attributes used as match criteria but matched imperfectly. Imperfect matching on schooling ( age) flattens earnings profiles within education ( age)...
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作者：van Ours, JC; Vodopivec, M
作者单位：Tilburg University
摘要：In this article we investigate the disincentive effects of shortening the potential duration of unemployment insurance ( UI) benefits. We identify these disincentive effects by exploiting changes in Slovenia's unemployment insurance system - a natural experiment that involved substantial reductions in the potential duration of benefits for four groups of workers plus no change in benefits for another group ( which served as a natural control). We find that the change had a positive effect on ...
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作者：Dyke, Andrew; Heinrich, Carolyn J.; Mueser, Peter R.; Troske, Kenneth R.; Jeon, Kyung-Seong
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Missouri System; University of Missouri Columbia; University of Kentucky
摘要：Studies examining welfare-to-work program effectiveness present mixed and sometimes discrepant findings, partly due to research design, data, and methodological limitations. Using administrative data on Missouri and North Carolina welfare recipients, we substantially improve on past estimation approaches to identify the distinct effects of each state's welfare-to-work subprograms-assessment, job search assistance and job readiness training, and more intensive programs designed to augment human...
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作者：Smith, JP
作者单位：RAND Corporation
摘要：This article examines skill gaps between immigrants and native- born Americans and generational progress achieved by different immigrant ethnic groups. Evidence of a widening skill gap is not strong. While wage data show a pronounced fall in relative wages of recent immigrants, significant independent contributors to that decline are a widening age gap and the increasing price of skill. When attention shifts to legal migrants, the evidence is that legal migrants are, at a minimum, keeping up ...
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作者：Lefgren, Lars; McIntyre, Frank
作者单位：Brigham Young University
摘要：Using 2000 Census data, we describe the relationship between women's education and marriage outcomes. Women's education is strongly related to husband's income and marital status. This relationship is highly nonlinear and varies across the distribution of husband's earnings. Roughly half of the correlation between women's education and consumption operates through the marriage market. Using 1980 Census data and the quarter of birth instruments proposed by Angrist and Krueger, we find that wome...
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作者：Cornwell, Christopher; Mustard, David B.; Sridhar, Deepa J.
作者单位：University System of Georgia; University of Georgia
摘要：Introduced in 1993, Georgia's HOPE Program sponsors a merit-based scholarship for students attending in-state colleges and a grant for those entering technical schools. There are no income restrictions. Comparing Georgia with other southeastern states over the 1988-97 period, HOPE increased freshmen enrollment by 5.9%, or 2,889 students per year, which amounts to only 15% of freshmen scholarship recipients. Four-year colleges account for most of the gain; a reduction in students leaving the st...
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作者：Eliason, Marcus; Storrie, Donald
作者单位：University of Gothenburg; University of Gothenburg
摘要：Recently improved Swedish register data have made it possible to remedy many weaknesses of previous research on displaced workers. Using linked employer-employee data, we identify all workers displaced in 1987, due to an establishment closure, and follow them over both a predisplacement period of 4 years and a postdisplacement period stretching until 1999. We find that the displaced workers suffer both earnings losses and worsened labor-market position not only during a transitory period of ad...
