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作者：Bradler, Christiane; Neckermann, Susanne; Warnke, Arne Jonas
作者单位：Volkswagen; Volkswagen Germany; University of Chicago; BASF
摘要：This paper reports the results from a large-scale laboratory experiment that compared the impacts of a performance bonus and a wage gift on output from a creative task and a simple task. We find that the performance bonus substantially increases output in both the creative task and the simple task. By comparison, the wage gift increases output only in the simple task. Additional experimental treatments suggest that reciprocity in the creative task is inhibited because agents are uncertain abou...
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作者：Green, David A.; Morissette, Rene; Sand, Ben M.; Snoddy, Iain
作者单位：University of British Columbia; Statistics Canada; York University - Canada
摘要：Since 2000, US real average wages stagnated or declined while Canadian wages increased. We investigate the role of the Canadian resource boom in explaining this difference. We focus on wage spillovers to nonresource workers through a bargaining channel. We find that long-distance commuting to resource regions had substantial spillover effects on noncommuters in sending regions. Through spillovers, we account for 49% of the increase in the real mean wage in Canada between 2000 and 2012. We also...
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作者：Raphael, Steven; Rozo, Sandra V.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of Southern California
摘要：We document racial and ethnic disparities in the propensity of law enforcement to formally book juvenile arrests. A fair share of these disparities can be attributed to differences in arrest offense severity and arrest history as well as cross-agency differences in practice. The disparities are the largest for age ranges and offenses where the greatest discretion is exercised. We explore whether booked arrests increase the likelihood of future arrests and bookings exploiting the discontinuity ...
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作者：Herz, Benedikt
摘要：A displaced worker might rationally prefer to wait through a long spell of unemployment instead of seeking employment at a lower wage in a job he is not trained for. I evaluate this trade-off using micro data on displaced workers. To achieve identification, I exploit the fact that the more a worker has invested in occupation-specific human capital, the more costly it is for him to switch occupations and therefore the higher is his incentive to wait. I find that between 9% and 17% of total unem...
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作者：Connolly, Marie; Corak, Miles; Haeck, Catherine
作者单位：University of Quebec; University of Quebec Montreal; City University of New York (CUNY) System
摘要：Intergenerational income mobility is lower in the United States than in Canada but varies significantly within each country. Our subnational analysis finds that the national border only partially distinguishes the approximately 1,000 regions we analyze within these countries. The Canada-US border divides central and eastern Canada from the US Great Lakes and northeastern regions. Simultaneously, some Canadian regions have more in common with the low-mobility southern parts of the United States...
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作者：Card, David; Oreopoulos, Philip
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of Toronto
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作者：Delaney, Judith M.; Devereux, Paul J.
作者单位：University of London; University College London; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University College Dublin; Trinity College Dublin; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：Much evidence suggests that having more education leads to higher earnings in the labor market. However, there is little evidence about whether having more education causes employees to experience lower earnings volatility or shelters them from the adverse effects of recessions. We use a large British administrative panel data set to study the impact of the 1972 increase in compulsory schooling on earnings volatility over the life cycle. Our estimates suggest that men exposed to the law change...
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作者：Barr, Andrew
作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station
摘要：The Post-9/11 GI Bill brought about the largest expansion in veteran education benefits since the end of World War II, increasing annual benefit expenditures from $3 billion to more than $13 billion. Leveraging variation over time, geography, and type of veterans, I explore the effect of financial aid on degree attainment. I find that the aid expansion increased degree attainment by 5-6 percentage points (25%), roughly 0.4 percentage points per $1,000 of additional maximum aid. These findings ...
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作者：Agrawal, Mohit; Altonji, Joseph G.; Mansfield, Richard K.
作者单位：Yale University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：We extend Altonji and Mansfield's control function approach to allow for multiple group levels and complementarities. Our analysis provides a foundation for a causal interpretation of multilevel mixed effects models in the presence of sorting. In our empirical application, we obtain lower-bound estimates of the importance of school and commuting zone inputs for education and wages. A school/location combination at the 90th versus 10th percentile of the school/location quality distribution incr...
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作者：Bowlus, Audra J.; Robinson, Chris; Liu, Haoming
作者单位：Western University (University of Western Ontario); National University of Singapore
摘要：In the last three decades, Canada and the United States showed different paths in per capita gross domestic product growth, skill premiums, and inequality. Worker quality and price differences both play a role but are difficult to distinguish. Human capital prices and quantities are estimated using methods we developed previously. In the United States, there was faster growth and a much more rapid rise in skill premia and inequality. This was primarily due to different paths for the relative p...
