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作者：Corradini, Viola; Buccione, Giulia
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Brown University
摘要：We investigate whether the introduction of the right to unilateral, no-fault, divorce for women has an impact on domestic abuse, investments in children's human capital, women's labor force participation, and other proxies of women's agency in the context of the Egyptian Khul reform of 2000. We employ a difference in differences design, comparing mothers of children older than the age cutoffs used to assign the children's custody to the mother, to mothers of younger children, before and after ...
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作者：Chiplunkar, Gaurav; Weaver, Jeffrey
摘要：Dowry payments are common in many marriage markets. This paper uses data on over 74,000 marriages in rural India over the last century to explain why the institution of dowry emerges and how it evolves over time. We find that the proportion of Indian marriages including dowry payments doubled between 1930 and 1975, and the average real value of payments tripled. We empirically test whether four prominent theories of dowry can explain this rise, and find support for only one: increased differen...
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作者：Chand, Satish; Clemens, Michael A.
作者单位：University of New South Wales Sydney; Australian National University; George Mason University; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：Groups historically subject to discrimination, such as Jews, could exhibit high investment in education because discrimination spurred emigration-and emigration was facilitated by skill. If emigration is uncertain, the skill investment induced by discrimination could more-than-offset the mechanical reduction in skill stocks at the origin. That is, in theory, the exit option could raise skills at the origin net of departures. Tests of these theories are rare. We examine a natural quasi-experime...
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作者：Almas, Ingvild; Bold, Tessa; von Carnap, Tillmann; Ghisolfi, Selene; Sandefur, Justin
作者单位：Stockholm University; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); Bocconi University
摘要：The COVID-19 pandemic led governments around the world to impose unprecedented restrictions on economic activity. Were these restrictions equally justified in poorer countries with fewer demographic risk factors and less ability to weather economic shocks? We develop and estimate a fully specified model of the macroeconomy with epidemiological dynamics, incorporating subsistence constraints in consumption and allowing preferences over lives versus livelihoodsto vary with income. Poorer countri...
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作者：Cui, Chuantao; Shao-Zhi, Leona
作者单位：Beijing Normal University; University of Macau; University of Macau
摘要：This study offers novel evidence that reduced trade policy uncertainty (TPU) in the destination market promotes domestic entrepreneurial activities in a large developing economy. Exploiting China's WTO accession as a quasi-natural experiment, we find that Chinese manufacturing industries with greater TPU reduction are associated with relative increases in the new firm entry rate. The TPU effect is more pronounced in industries with lower entry barriers or larger irreversible investments. In ad...
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作者：De La, Ana L.; Fernandez-Vazquez, Pablo; Garcia, Fernando Martel
作者单位：Yale University; Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; Microsoft
摘要：Government audits usually have a broad mandate to monitor compliance with program rules. We conducted a field experiment in collaboration with Mexico's Superior Auditor of the Federation to investigate if federal or state audits increase municipal compliance with the allocation, reporting, and transparency rules of an intergovernmental grant to improve local infrastructure. We randomly assigned 85 municipalities to be audited by a federal auditor, a state one, or a control group. We find that ...
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作者：Angelucci, Manuela; Heath, Rachel; Noble, Eva
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：We study the impact of a multifaceted program for ultra-poor women in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. We cross-randomized the primary treatment - a holistic set of services and financial support - with a 16-week men's engagement program (MEP) for spouses and male household members. The core treatment has large effects on consumption, employment and finances, women's empowerment, and health, with most effects still significant two years after the program start. We find heterogeneous effec...
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作者：Wang, Wenya; Yang, Ei
作者单位：Shanghai University of Finance & Economics
摘要：This paper studies how distortions alter firms' product decisions. Using two firm-level datasets in China, we find (i) that multi-product (MP) firms are fewer and smaller in China than in the United States and (ii) that the MP probability of a firm is negatively associated with the level of distortion. We build discrete product choices into a heterogeneous firm model a la Melitz (2003) with entry and exit. Firms are subject to a size-dependent distortion that increases in firm-level productivi...
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作者：Marcos, Miguel Angel Talamas
作者单位：Northwestern University
摘要：This paper estimates the effect of childcare availability on parents' employment probability using the timing of the grandmothers' death - the primary childcare provider in Mexico - as identifying variation. I use a triple-difference to disentangle the effect of coinhabiting grandmothers' deaths due to their impact on childcare from their effects due to alternative mechanisms. Through their impact on childcare availability, grandmothers' deaths reduce mothers' employment rate by 12 percentage ...
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作者：Alan, Sule; Kubilay, Elif
作者单位：European University Institute; University of Essex; European University Institute
摘要：We provide causal evidence on how impersonal trust and reciprocity create prosperity and shape its distribution. For this, we leverage a large-scale randomized educational intervention that boosts trust and reciprocity in children. We show that in a world where individuals trust anonymous others, prosperity grows but so does inequality. While impersonal trust unambiguously creates wealth, redistribution is needed to tame the inequality it brings. Our results suggest that harnessing prosocial p...
