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作者：Choudhury, Prithwiraj; Ganguli, Ina; Gaule, Patrick
作者单位：Harvard University; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Bristol
摘要：We study migration in the right tail of the talent distribution using a novel dataset of Indian high school students taking the Joint Entrance Exam (JEE), a college entrance exam used for admission to the prestigious Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT). We find a high incidence of migration after students complete college: among the top 1000 scorers on the exam, 36% have migrated abroad, rising to 62% for the top 100 scorers. We next document that students who attended the original Top 5 IIT...
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作者：Cardim, Joana; Molina-Millan, Teresa; Vicente, Pedro C.
作者单位：Universitat d'Alacant; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Universidade Nova de Lisboa; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Universidade Nova de Lisboa
摘要：Primary school coverage has been increasing in most developing countries. Yet, it has not been accompanied by significant improvements in learning indicators. We implemented a randomized experiment in Angola around the introduction of ProFuturo, a worldwide educational program. The program includes a Computer-assisted Learning (CAL) software directed at improving the regular classroom experience. One year after the program started, we find higher familiarity with technology. Teachers miss fewe...
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作者：Hillebrecht, Michael; Klonner, Stefan; Pacere, Noraogo A.
作者单位：Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg; Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg; Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg
摘要：Several recent papers have compared the ability of proxy-means testing (PMT) and community-based targeting (CBT) to identify consumption-poor households. Motivated by the facts that targeted benefits typically reach beneficiaries with a substantial time lag and that transitions into and out of poverty are frequent, we assess PMT's and CBT's performance during the years following the targeting exercise. With original data from Burkina Faso, we replicate the finding that PMT outperforms CBT at b...
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作者：Narciso, Gaia; Severgnini, Battista
作者单位：Trinity College Dublin; Copenhagen Business School
摘要：This paper analyzes the triggers of rebellion and documents the historical roots of conflict using a unique dataset at the individual level. Drawing on evidence from the Famine (1845-1850) and its effect on the Irish Revolution (1916-1921), we show how negative shocks can explain social unrest in the long run. These findings are confirmed by the analysis of surnames, which enables the study of socio-cultural persistence over time. The instrumental variable analysis based on the wind direction ...
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作者：Zhang, Li; Xie, Lunyu; Zheng, Xinye
作者单位：Chinese University of Hong Kong; Renmin University of China
摘要：Many households are confined to remote rural villages in the developing world. This study examines the Anti-Poverty Relocation Program in China, considering the village-to-town relocation from agricultural to non-agricultural sectors induced by the program. While exploring a novel administrative data set on impoverished people in a Chinese county, we discovered that the program significantly increased the participants' income by 9.61%, driven mainly by the increase in wage income. The empirica...
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作者：Fitzpatrick, Anne
作者单位：University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Boston
摘要：Prices are fundamental to economists, but there is little guidance on how to collect accurate data on prices in developing countries. I compare antimalarial drug prices collected using three different approaches at outlets in Uganda: vendor inventory listings, prices reported by real customers, and standardized patient (mystery shopper, or SP) purchases. I find that prices collected from SPs and real customers are the same after accounting for the composition of drugs purchased, but prices rep...
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作者：Fenske, James; Wang, Shizhuo
作者单位：University of Warwick; New York University
摘要：Traditions can limit investment in early life health, even if they have been abandoned. We introduce data on historic twin infanticide and merge it with recent birth records from 23 African countries. We use the full sample and a border sample of adjacent societies with and without past twin infanticide. Both samples provide no evidence that past twin infanticide predicts greater differential twin mortality today. This null result is likely a consequence of suppression efforts by Africans, mis...
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作者：Yu, Hang
作者单位：Peking University
摘要：This paper shows that concerns about social stigma cause individuals to avoid HIV tests. People have inaccurate beliefs about the stigma environment but are open-minded about taking on new information. A simple message that shares the local community's true (low) degree of stigmatizing attitudes can help individuals overcome the stigma barrier and result in more testing. The information intervention led to 36% more HIV testing among those who had overestimated stigma. The treatment effect is c...
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作者：Apeti, Ablam Estel; Edoh, Eyah Denise
作者单位：Universite Clermont Auvergne (UCA); Universite de Orleans; Universite Clermont Auvergne (UCA)
摘要：This paper analyzes the effect of mobile money adoption on tax revenue performance in a large sample of 104 developing countries over the period 1990-2019. Estimations, based on the entropy balancing method, show that mobile money significantly increases tax revenue in mobile money countries relative to non-mobile money countries. This result remains robust to various robustness tests and may depend on time perspective, the type of mobile money service, and some structural factors, including a...
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作者：D'Exelle, Ben; Lepine, Aurelia; Bakyono, Richard; Tapsoba, Ludovic D. G.
作者单位：University of East Anglia; University of London; University College London; Centre Muraz
摘要：Decision-making about fertility differs between monogamous and polygynous households. In an experiment in Burkina Faso that gives women access to free contraceptives, either alone or with their husband, involving the husband decreases contraceptive use among monogamous women, but not among polygynous women. Where there is co-wife rivalry, it increases contraceptive use. This is consistent with a model where monogamous women have a stronger preference for contraceptives than their husband, whil...
