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作者：Fishman, Ram; Gine, Xavier; Jacoby, Hanan G.
作者单位：Tel Aviv University; The World Bank
摘要：Widespread adoption of efficient irrigation technologies, including drip irrigation, has been proposed to limit groundwater over-exploitation, especially in water-stressed South Asia. This paper evaluates the potential productivity and water-saving benefits of smallholder drip irrigation by conducting a randomized control trial in Andhra Pradesh, India. A group of well-owners was offered a subsidy to adopt drip irrigation, while a comparable group acted as controls. After three years, the drip...
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作者：Assouad, Lydia
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：I combine household surveys, national accounts and unique personal income tax records to produce the first estimates of the national income distribution in an Arab country, Lebanon. I find that income is extremely concentrated over the 2005-2014 period: The top 1 and 10 percent of the adult population received almost 25 and 55 percent of national income on average, placing Lebanon among the countries with the highest levels of income inequality in the world. These results challenge a long last...
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作者：Soldani, Emilia; Hildebrandt, Nicole; Nyarko, Yaw; Romagnoli, Giorgia
作者单位：New York University; New York University Abu Dhabi; Boston Consulting Group (BCG); New York University; University of Amsterdam
摘要：Through a randomized experiment and detailed data on inter-village communication, we identify the impact of providing commodity price information to smallholder farmers. For yam, a crop with high prevalence of bargaining, the intervention leads to a 9% increase in the prices received by farmers in the treatment group in the first year and possibly to mixed indirect effects in the second year in areas with high density of treatment. While control farmers do not gain price information, we specul...
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作者：Lim, Sokchea; Morshed, A. K. M. Mahbub; Turnovsky, Stephen J.
作者单位：University System of Ohio; John Carroll University; Southern Illinois University System; Southern Illinois University; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：This paper develops a macrodynamic model of two small economies - a host country and a labor-exporting developing country - to address the impact of migrant workers and remittances on the two economies. It endogenizes the migration decision as part of the intertemporal utility maximization of households in the developing economy. This setup captures the dynamic process of migration, in which evolving circumstances may lead to fundamental differences from those based on treating remittances as ...
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作者：Ahmad, Syedah; Lensink, Robert; Mueller, Annika
作者单位：University of Groningen
摘要：We implement a randomized field experiment in Pakistan to evaluate three interventions designed to encourage poor Muslim women to open and use Islamic savings accounts. First, an intervention that increases religious salience by using a religious speech that highlights the purposes, benefits, and desirability of savings and dispels the misconception that all formal saving is impermissible in Islam, mainly by quoting directly from the Quran; in contrast to a conventional speech conveying the sa...
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作者：Geloso, Vincent; Kufenko, Vadim; Arsenault-Morin, Alex P.
作者单位：George Mason University; University Hohenheim; Queens University - Canada
摘要：Can mild forms of labor coercion generate welfare effects as large as more extreme forms? Do these effects persist over time? To answer both questions, we use Quebec's system of seigneurial tenure (in effect until 1854) that granted landlords market power in the establishment of factories, and restricted worker mobility. This created a mild form of labor coercion as landlords had incentives to reduce employment and wage rates. To measure these effects, we rely on the Constitutional Act of 1791...
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作者：Fracchia, Mattia; Molina-Millan, Teresa; Vicente, Pedro C.
作者单位：Universidade Nova de Lisboa; Universitat d'Alacant; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Universidade Nova de Lisboa
摘要：Community Health Workers (CHWs) are central to health systems. Still, they are typically unpaid volunteers in Sub-Saharan Africa. This paper follows all the CHWs in the capital city of Guinea-Bissau, who are non-salaried, and tests the impact of non-financial incentives on health indicators. We analyze two randomized interventions for CHWs: (i) an honorific award aimed at raising their social status; (ii) a video treatment aimed at increasing their perceived task significance. While employing ...
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作者：Chen, Wei-Lin; Lin, Ming-Jen; Yang, Tzu-Ting
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; National Taiwan University; National Chengchi University; Academia Sinica - Taiwan; National Chengchi University
摘要：This paper examines the causal effects of textbook content on individuals' national identity, by exploiting a curriculum reform that introduced a new perspective on Taiwan's history for students entering junior high school after September 1997. Using a repeated nationally representative survey and a regression discontinuity design, we show that students exposed to the new textbooks were more likely to hold exclusive Taiwanese identity rather than dual identity (i.e. Taiwanese and Chinese). The...
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作者：-Segura, Daniel Rodriguez; Schueler, Beth E.
作者单位：University of Virginia
摘要：A significant share of education research uses data collected by enumerators. It is well-documented that enumerator effects-or inconsistent practices among the people who administer measurement tools-can be a key source of error in survey data collection. However, it is less understood whether this is a problem for academic assessments. We leverage a remote phone-based mathematics assessment of primary school students and survey of their parents in Kenya. Enumerators, who were teachers in our ...
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作者：Fenske, James; Kala, Namrata; Wei, Jinlin
作者单位：University of Warwick; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Using a new dataset on city populations in colonial India, we show that the railroad network increased city size in the period 1881 to 1931. Our baseline estimation approach includes fixed effects for city and year, and we construct instrumental variables for railroad proximity based on distance from a least cost path spanning cities that existed prior to the start of railroad construction. Cities that increased market access due to the railroad grew. The small and heterogeneous effects we fin...
