-
作者：Do, Quy-Toan; Gomez-Parra, Nicolas; Rijkers, Bob
作者单位：The World Bank; Inter-American Development Bank; Utrecht University
摘要：Does the internet enable the recruitment of transnational terrorists? Using geo-referenced population census data and personnel records from the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant - a highly tech-savvy terrorist organization - this paper shows that internet access has facilitated the organization's recruitment of foreign fighters from Tunisia. The positive association between internet access and Daesh recruitment is concentrated among younger cohorts.
-
作者：He, Daixin; Lu, Fangwen; Yang, Jianan
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Social Sciences; Peking University; Stanford University
摘要：We study two interventions in Beijing, China, that provide patients with information on antibiotic resistance via text message to discourage the overuse of antibiotics. The messages were sent once a month for five months. One intervention emphasizes the threat to the recipient's own health and is found to have negligible effects. The other intervention, which highlights the overall threat to society, reduces antibiotics purchases by 17% in dosage without discouraging healthcare visits and othe...
-
作者：Donati, Dante
作者单位：Columbia University
摘要：I exploit the staggered introduction of 3G mobile Internet technology across South Africa to estimate its impact on political participation, electoral competition, voters' preferences, and protests. Combining granular coverage data with administrative records on municipal elections, I show that in 2016 mobile Internet availability caused a 2-percentage-point increase in voter turnout and a 3-percentage-point reduction in the vote share of the ruling party. The main opponents gained from mobile...
-
作者：Cavgias, Alexsandros; Bruce, Raphael; Meloni, Luis
作者单位：Ghent University; Insper; Universidade de Sao Paulo
摘要：How does territorial control by organized crime groups affect the enforcement of public policies? We answer this question by studying the enforcement of social distancing policies in Rio de Janeiro during the COVID-19 crisis. Two criminal groups with distinct governance have de facto control over several areas of the city: drug trafficking organizations (DTOs) and paramilitary groups (PGs). While the former funds itself mainly through the drug business, the second obtains most of its profits f...
-
作者：Cao, Jing; Ma, Rong
作者单位：Tsinghua University; Tsinghua University; China Agricultural University
摘要：This paper examines the effects of biomass power plants (BPPs) on farmers' use of agricultural fires for land clearance in China from 2001 to 2019. We show that the entry of BPPs leads to a significant reduction of agricultural fires by 14%. Farmers near BPPs display stronger responses, leading to a more significant reduction in straw burning, especially during high agricultural fire seasons. The notable decline in agricultural fires is likely driven by economic incentives provided by BPPs to ...
-
作者：Crawfurd, Lee; Evans, David K.; Hares, Susannah; Sandefur, Justin
作者单位：Center for Global Development - Europe
摘要：Education systems regularly face unexpected school closures, whether due to disease outbreaks, natural disasters, or other adverse shocks. In low-income countries where internet access is scarce, distance learning - the most common educational solution - is often passive, via TV or radio, with little opportunity for teacher- student interaction. In this paper we evaluate the effectiveness of live tutoring calls from teachers, designed to supplement radio instruction during the 2020 school clos...
-
作者：Elsayed, Ahmed; Shirshikova, Alina
作者单位：Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB); American University Cairo; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Maastricht University
摘要：We examine the effects of the large-scale construction of public universities in Egypt during the 1960s and 1970s. We found that opening a local university increased the likelihood of obtaining higher education degrees and had long-lasting positive effects on labor market and marriage outcomes, particularly for women. We give insights on internal migration as a channel and show that migration prior to university enrollment age decreased while migration after that age increased as an outcome of...
-
作者：Fredriksson, Per G.; Gupta, Satyendra Kumar
作者单位：University of Louisville; Delhi School of Economics; University of Delhi
摘要：This paper proposes that ancestral irrigation is associated with lower levels of contemporary female labor force participation. We test and provide support for this novel hypothesis using an exogenous measure of irrigation and cross-country data, data from the World Values Survey, the Afrobarometer, and the Asian Barometer. To explore a possible mechanism and cultural persistence, we use the Standard Cross-Cultural Sample, the European Social Survey, and the American Community Survey. The gend...
-
作者：Augsburg, Britta; Malde, Bansi; Olorenshaw, Harriet; Wahhaj, Zaki
作者单位：University of Kent
摘要：We exploit novel data collected within a randomized controlled trial of a sanitation microcredit intervention to study how intra-household gender differences in perceptions of costs and benefits of sanitation impact investment decisions. We show that - as long as the wife is involved in household decision-making - the intra-household differences in perceptions we document influence borrowing and investments: uptake of the sanitation loan is higher among households where the wife has higher ben...
-
作者：Corno, Lucia; Voena, Alessandra
作者单位：Catholic University of the Sacred Heart; Stanford University
摘要：This paper investigates the relationship between child marriage and economic incentives in a setting where the bride price - a transfer from the groom to the bride's parents at marriage - is customary. First, we develop a dynamic model in which households are exposed to income volatility and have no access to credit markets. If a daughter marries, her household obtains a bride price. In this framework, girls may have a higher probability of marrying early when their parents have a higher margi...
