Journal of Development Economics

最新文章

• Poverty and perseverance: The detrimental effect of poverty on effort provision* AI翻译
  作者：Sharafi, Zahra
  作者单位：Goethe University Frankfurt
  摘要：Perseverance, known as provision and continuation of effort, is a decisive factor in the accomplishment of all goals. Poverty, however, can impair this crucial skill. In this paper, I analyze the causal effect of poverty on perseverance in an education context with adolescents in Iran. Using a difference-in-differences design to manipulate perceptions of own scarcities and deprivations, I measure adolescents' perseverance while they complete a real-effort task. Results reveal a large and signi...
• Program targeting with machine learning and mobile phone data: Evidence from an anti-poverty intervention in Afghanistan AI翻译
  作者：Aiken, Emily L.; Bedoya, Guadalupe; Blumenstock, Joshua E.; Coville, Aidan
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; The World Bank
  摘要：Can mobile phone data improve program targeting? By combining rich survey data from a big pushantipoverty program in Afghanistan with detailed mobile phone logs from program beneficiaries, we study the extent to which machine learning methods can accurately differentiate ultra-poor households eligible for program benefits from ineligible households. We show that machine learning methods leveraging mobile phone data can identify ultra-poor households nearly as accurately as survey-based measure...
• A hybrid approach to targeting social assistance AI翻译
  作者：Follett, Lendie; Henderson, Heath
  作者单位：Drake University; Drake University
  摘要：Proxy means testing (PMT) and community-based targeting (CBT) are two of the leading methods for targeting social assistance in developing countries. We present a hybrid targeting method that incorporates CBT's emphasis on local information and preferences with PMT's reliance on verifiable indicators. Specifically, we outline a Bayesian framework for targeting that resembles PMT in that beneficiary selection is based on a weighted sum of sociodemographic characteristics, but we instead propose...
• Can information and alternatives to irregular migration reduce backway migration from The Gambia? AI翻译
  作者：Bah, Tijan L.; Batista, Catia; Gubert, Flore; Mckenzie, David
  作者单位：Universidade Nova de Lisboa; Universite PSL; Universite Paris-Dauphine; Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); The World Bank
  摘要：Irregular migration from West Africa to Europe across the Sahara and Mediterranean is extremely risky for migrants and a key policy concern. A cluster-randomized experiment with 3641 young men from 391 settlements in The Gambia is used to test three approaches to reducing risky migration: providing better information and testimonials about the risks of the journey, facilitating migration to a safer destination by providing information and assistance for migration to Dakar, and offering vocatio...
• A global map of amenities: Public goods, ethnic divisions and decentralization AI翻译
  作者：Seidel, Andre
  作者单位：Western Norway University of Applied Sciences
  摘要：I analyze the effects of ethnic divisions on the provision of public goods in countries throughout the world. Using OpenStreetMap data, I construct a new, global dataset that pinpoints locations of public amenities, such as schools, hospitals, and libraries. I devise two new proxies to address the variability in the completeness of such data. I find that more autonomous subnational regions with a high degree of ethnic fractionalization provide significantly fewer productive public goods. There...
• Armed groups: Competition and political violence AI翻译
  作者：Gassebner, Martin; Schaudt, Paul; Wong, Melvin H. L.
  作者单位：Leibniz University Hannover; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Bern
  摘要：We show that the proliferation of armed groups increases the amount of organized political violence. The natural death of a tribal leader provides quasi-experimental variation in the number of armed groups across districts in Pakistan. Employing event study designs and IV-regressions allows us to isolate the effect of the number of armed groups on political violence from locational fundamentals of conflict, e.g., local financing and recruiting opportunities or government capacity. In line with...
• No bulls: Experimental evidence on the impact of veterinarian ratings in Pakistan AI翻译
  作者：Hasanain, Syed Ali; Khan, Muhammad Yasir; Rezaee, Arman
  作者单位：Lahore University of Management Sciences; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; University of California System; University of California Davis
  摘要：We implement a platform to crowdsource information about service provision quality and prices charged and reveal this information to consumers in a market - artificial insemination of livestock in Punjab, Pakistan - where individual signals of quality are noisy. We measure the impact of this information revelation using a randomized controlled trial. Farmers receiving information enjoy 25% higher insemination success and no higher prices than controls. These effects are due to existing veterin...
• Consequences of a massive refugee influx on firm performance and market structure AI翻译
  作者：Akgunduz, Yusuf Emre; Bagir, Yusuf Kenan; Cilasun, Seyit Mumin; Kirdar, Murat Guray
  作者单位：Sabanci University; Ted University; Bogazici University
  摘要：This study combines an administrative dataset of the full population of Turkish firms and the setting of the sudden mass migration of Syrian refugees to Turkiye to identify the effect of migrants on firm performance and market structure. As a result of the migrant shock, existing firms expand and become more efficient in generating sales from assets, and new firms are established. There is suggestive evidence that market concentration shows less concentration, implying more competition. Quanti...
• Biased teachers and gender gap in learning outcomes: Evidence from India AI翻译
  作者：Rakshit, Sonali; Sahoo, Soham
  作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; Indian Institute of Management (IIM System); Indian Institute of Management Bangalore; Indian Institute of Management (IIM System); Indian Institute of Management Bangalore
  摘要：We investigate the effect of stereotypical beliefs of teachers on cognitive and non-cognitive outcomes of secondary school students in two states of India. We measure teacher's bias through an index capturing teacher's subjective beliefs about the role of gender in academic performance. We tackle the potential endogeneity of teacher's subjective beliefs by controlling for teacher fixed effects in a value-added model that includes lagged test scores of students. We find that a standard deviatio...
• Weapons and war: The effect of arms transfers on internal conflict AI翻译
  作者：Gallea, Quentin
  作者单位：University of Lausanne
  摘要：Despite the fact that weapons are necessary for conflicts, it remains unclear if weapons availability itself causes conflict. I use historical links between arms exporters and importers, and shocks to conflict engagement of the exporters, to instrument the volume of arms imports. The 2SLS estimates reveal that arms imports in Africa increase the likelihood of internal conflict, in particular one-sided violence, the number of fighter and civilian deaths, as well as the number of refugees fleein...