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作者：Huang, Wei; Liu, Hong
作者单位：Peking University; National University of Singapore; Renmin University of China
摘要：This paper examines the impact of exposure to public health insurance in early life on outcomes in adolescence in rural China. Exploiting the variation in the county-by-county rollout of the New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS) between 2003 and 2008, we find that exposure to the NCMS during ages 0-5 significantly improves health, cognitive, and educational outcomes during adolescence. In contrast, exposure after age five has no significant effects. Our further investigation provides evidence ...
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作者：Alkire, Sabina; Nogales, Ricardo; Quinn, Natalie Nairi; Suppa, Nicolai
作者单位：University of Oxford; University of Oxford; Autonomous University of Barcelona; Centre d'Estudis Demografics (CED)
摘要：This paper proposes a framework for modelling projections of multidimensional poverty. We use recently published repeated observations of multidimensional poverty, based on time-consistent indicators, for 75 countries. We consider and evaluate different approaches to model these countries' trajectories of poverty reduction. Our preferred model respects theoretical bounds, is supported by empirical evidence, and ensures consistency of our main measure with its subindices. In our empirical analy...
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作者：Del Prete, Davide; Di Maio, Michele; Rahman, Aminur
作者单位：Parthenope University Naples; Sapienza University Rome; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Asian Development Bank
摘要：We study the effect of conflict on firms' economic performance and the underlying mechanisms. We develop a simple theoretical framework in which conflict reduces a firm's output, induces input substitution, and increases firms' exit. In our empirical analysis, we combine an original dataset of Libyan firms and geolocalized data on conflict events during the Second Libyan Civil War to show that, in line with the predictions of the model, conflict reduces a firm's revenues and increases exit, re...
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作者：Dyer, Julian
作者单位：University of Exeter
摘要：Fear of crime is a concern in developing countries where rule of law is imperfectly enforced. I use a cluster -randomized field experiment in Kenya to show that reducing fear of theft allows small-scale farmers to adjust their planting and time use decisions, as well as increasing crop yields. I randomly allocated subsidized watchmen to farmers in Kenya, reducing their perceived risk of theft. Farmers offered watchmen were 14 p.p. more likely to have crops they grew for the first time or grew ...
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作者：Kumar, Alok
作者单位：University of Victoria
摘要：Developing countries are characterized by underdeveloped financial markets and a large share of informal sector in economic activity. Evidence suggests that countries with less developed financial sector have lower government spending multipliers. This paper quantifies government spending multipliers in India using an estimated new-Keynesian DSGE model with two types of entrepreneurs: formal and informal and imperfect financial market. In the model, informal entrepreneurs are financially-exclu...
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作者：Fang, Hanming; Lei, Ziteng; Lin, Liguo; Zhang, Peng; Zhou, Maigeng
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; Renmin University of China; Shanghai University of Finance & Economics; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen; Chinese Center for Disease Control & Prevention; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Mental health problems among the elderly have attracted increasing attention. The most serious mental health problems may result in suicide, and lack of family companionship is often speculated to be a major cause. In this paper, we use high-frequency suicide rate data and utilize a novel temporal variation in the lunisolar calendar to provide evidence on the protective effects of the Chinese Lunar New Year (when the elderly people receive unusually high level of family companionship) on elder...
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作者：Nian, Yongwei
作者单位：Bocconi University
摘要：I test the role of economic incentives and command and control in reducing agricultural fires, a major source of air pollution in most rural regions across the world caused by burning crop residues after harvest. To tackle data shortage, I use high-resolution satellite data to construct a fine measure of agricultural fires as well as other geographic characteristics at 1 km x 1 km resolution for China. Using the staggered arrival of biomass power plants, which purchase crop residues as product...
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作者：Pellicer, Miquel; Ranchhod, Vimal
作者单位：Philipps University Marburg; University of Cape Town; University of Cape Town
摘要：The apartheid era began in 1948 in South Africa, and was implemented by passing several racially discrim-inatory laws. Most of the key legislative changes were introduced between 1949 and 1953. The cornerstone of this racially stratified legal system was the Population Registration Act of 1950, which required that all South Africans needed to be registered and assigned to an official racial category. We study the effect of racial classification in the context of these legislative reforms, by e...
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作者：Dervisevic, Ervin; Goldstein, Markus
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：The accurate estimation of agricultural employment and labor productivity are crucial in understanding opportunities for improvements in productivity and economic growth in developing countries. Available labor statistics mostly come from surveys in developing countries, which mostly rely on one person providing information about all household members. However, there are only a few empirical studies that provide a framework for understanding the potential advantages and disadvantages of using ...
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作者：Battistin, Erich; De Nadai, Michele; Krishnan, Nandini
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University of Milan; The World Bank
摘要：While household well-being derives from long-term average rates of consumption, welfare estimates rely on shorter-duration survey measurements. We develop a strategy to identify the distribution of these long-term rates by leveraging a large-scale randomization that elicited repeated short-duration measurements from diaries and recall questions. Identification stems from diary-recall differences in reports from the same household, does not require reports to be error-free, and hinges on a rese...
