-
作者：Dyer, Julian; Shapiro, Jeremy
作者单位：University of Exeter
摘要：Irrigation is a potentially effective technology to improve agricultural incomes in Sub-Saharan Africa, and hand powered irrigation pumps have received significant interest and investment as a solution appropriate to small-scale farmers in this context. This paper describes the results of an RCT impact evaluation of household irrigation pumps in Kenya, where we randomly allocated free pumps to the female head of household via public lotteries. After two years farmers are still making significa...
-
作者：Gine, Xavier; Goldberg, Jessica
作者单位：The World Bank; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：Fifty-three percent of subjects who owned a high-fee account with a local bank in Malawi did not switch to a new, lower-fee account when given the choice. In contrast, holders of high-fee accounts who had been induced to make more transactions in the past were significantly more likely to adopt the new, cheaper account. Using estimates from a structural model, we find that the different propensity to switch is better explained by differences in the valuation of the new account rather than diff...
-
作者：Czura, Kristina; Klonner, Stefan
作者单位：University of Groningen; Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg
摘要：We examine changes in financial allocations in Rotating Savings and Credit Associations (Roscas), a popular group-based financial institution world-wide, in the aftermath of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. With financial data from locations along the South Indian coast we estimate the causal effect of this major natural disaster on financial flows between occupational groups, the price of credit and other loan characteristics. We find that the supply of funds in these credit networks remained r...
-
作者：Wang, Lei; Qian, Yiwei; Warrinnier, Nele; Attanasio, Orazio; Rozelle, Scott; Sylvia, Sean
作者单位：Shaanxi Normal University; Southwestern University of Finance & Economics - China; The World Bank; KU Leuven; Yale University; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); Stanford University; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina School of Medicine; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina School of Medicine
摘要：We present evidence from a randomised experiment testing the impacts of a six-month early childhood home visiting program on child outcomes and parental investment behaviour at school entry. Two and a half years after completion of the program, we find large persistent effects on parental investment at home, as well as large effects on preschool enrolment. Children in treatment villages were enrolled earlier and in higher quality preschools, the latter reflecting a shift in preferences over pr...
-
作者：Field, Erica; Pande, Rohini; Rigol, Natalia; Schaner, Simone; Stacy, Elena; Moore, Charity Troyer
作者单位：Duke University; Yale University; Harvard University; University of Southern California; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：Time use data facilitate understanding of labor supply, especially for women who often undertake unpaid care and home production. Although assisted diary-based time use surveys are suitable for low-literacy populations, they are costly and rarely used. We create a low-cost, scalable alternative that captures contextually-determined broad time categories; here, allocations across market work, household labor, and leisure. Using fewer categories and larger time intervals takes 33% less time than...
-
作者：Siu, Jade; Sterck, Olivier; Rodgers, Cory
作者单位：University of Oxford
摘要：Should cash transfer programmes restrict consumer choice? For example, should food assistance delivered in cash be restricted to food and exclude temptation goods? Theoretically, restrictions induce (1) a substitution effect away from restricted goods and (2) a negative wealth effect if transfers are extra-marginal and the resale of goods is costly. The welfare impact on transfer recipients is negative. We test these predictions by exploiting a natural experiment in a refugee settlement in Ken...
-
作者：Yokoo, Hide-Fumi; Arimura, Toshi H.; Chattopadhyay, Mriduchhanda; Katayama, Hajime
作者单位：Hitotsubashi University; Waseda University; University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES); Hitotsubashi University
摘要：We investigate the accuracy of the perceptions of health risks in India. The context of our study is the risk of developing physical symptoms related to household air pollution caused by cooking. Using field data collected from 588 respondents in 17 villages in West Bengal, we regress the probability of symptoms on fuel choices to predict respondent-specific health risk changes. The estimated risks, which we treat as objective risks, are then compared with the corresponding subjective probabil...
-
作者：Calvi, Rossella; Penglase, Jacob; Tommasi, Denni; Wolf, Alexander
作者单位：Rice University; California State University System; San Diego State University; University of Bologna
摘要：In large families, individuals must share resources with many others but may benefit from economies of scale. This paper studies individual consumption in different types of households, with a focus on family structures that are common in developing countries. Based on a collective household model, we develop a methodology to identify intra-household resource allocation and the extent of joint consumption. Unlike existing approaches, we do not require consumption data on single-person househol...
-
作者：Canen, Nathan; Ch, Rafael; Wantchekon, Leonard
作者单位：University of Houston System; University of Houston; National Bureau of Economic Research; Princeton University; Princeton University; Princeton University; University of Abomey Calavi; African School of Economics
摘要：This paper studies when and why firms prefer more direct forms of state capture (i.e., directly capturing tenured state officials who implement policy, as bureaucrats) to more indirect ones (i.e., using intermediaries, such as elected officials, to influence bureaucrats). First, we propose a principal-agent model under political uncertainty. Firms can induce market distortions by making transfers to incumbents, but such incumbents may be displaced in an election. Direct capture acts as an insu...
-
作者：Delavallade, Clara; Godlonton, Susan
作者单位：The World Bank; Williams College
摘要：Warrantage is an innovative model of rural finance with the potential to overcome credit, crop storage, and behavioral constraints through a localized inventory credit system. Using a randomized controlled trial varying household level access to warrantage, we measure its impacts among households interested in participating. Among treated households, take-up of storage is high, while credit take-up is moderate. Treated households primarily store grains sell their production over an extended pe...
