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作者：Foltz, Jeremy; Li, Kangli
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Amazon.com
摘要：Petty corruption in the developing world impedes citizens from receiving public services and operating their businesses. In this paper, we show the importance of market structure in determining a corruption equilibrium. We do this in the context of highway merchandise transportation in West Africa, where checkpoint officials frequently stop truck drivers for petty bribes. We exploit a road system with two alternative corridors to develop a model which predicts that checkpoints in the two compe...
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作者：Beam, Emily A.
作者单位：University of Vermont
摘要：Online technologies enable lower-cost, rapid data collection, but concerns about sample composition biases and mode-specific measurement error impede their use. I conduct a randomized experiment in the Philippines to test the effectiveness of web-form and chatbot surveys of K-12 teachers recruited through social media and compare their effectiveness with phone surveys of teachers recruited from a pre-existing frame. Chatbot surveys yield higher response rates and higher-quality data than web-f...
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作者：Amarasinghe, Ashani
作者单位：University of Sydney
摘要：How do public sentiments towards the government change following terror attacks? The literature has traditionally answered this question using temporally aggregated voting data. This paper proposes an alternative, fine-grained approach to explore the short term dynamics underlying public sentiments. I first use high-frequency, media-reported event data to quantify Public Discontent, for 135 countries, over the period 2002-2020. Comparing the change in Public Discontent in country-months with s...
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作者：Bassier, Ihsaan
作者单位：University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst; University of Cape Town
摘要：How important are firms for wage inequality in developing countries where structural unemployment is high? Research focused on contexts close to full employment has suggested a substantial role of firms in labor market inequality. Using matched employer-employee data from South Africa, I find that firms explain a larger share of wage variation than in richer countries. I consider drivers of this, documenting first a higher productivity dispersion as found for other developing countries. Second...
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作者：Ciani, Andrea; Mau, Karsten
作者单位：European Commission Joint Research Centre; EC JRC ISPRA Site; Maastricht University
摘要：This paper investigates the role of timely delivery in international competition. Using a demand-side, industry -specific measure of time-sensitivity, we assess the effect of Chinese competition on the export performance of Eastern European transition economies into Western European (EU15) destination-product markets. Our empirical analysis relies on exploiting the increase of Chinese competition in global markets during the first decade of the 2000s. We find evidence of heterogeneous adjustme...
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作者：Daniele, Gianmarco; Le Moglie, Marco; Masera, Federico
作者单位：Catholic University of the Sacred Heart; University of New South Wales Sydney
摘要：In this paper, we study how a positive economic shock to an illicit industry might foster migration. In 2010, a series of reforms to the U.S. health care system resulted in a shift in demand from legal opiates to heroin. This demand shock had considerable effects on Mexico, the main supplier of heroin consumed in the United States. We exploit variation in potential opium production at the municipal level in a difference-in-differences (DID) framework, which compares Mexican municipalities with...
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作者：Grigoli, Francesco; Luttini, Emiliano; Sandri, Damiano
作者单位：International Monetary Fund; Central Bank of Chile; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
摘要：This paper provides the first assessment of the contribution of idiosyncratic shocks to aggregate fluctuations in an emerging market using confidential data on the universe of Chilean firms. We find that idiosyncratic shocks account for more than 40 percent of the volatility of aggregate sales. Although quite large, this contribution is smaller than documented in previous studies based on advanced economies, despite a higher degree of market concentration in Chile. We show that this finding is...
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作者：Zhang, Junsen; Zhou, Kang
作者单位：Zhejiang University; Chinese University of Hong Kong; Chinese University of Hong Kong; Zhejiang University
摘要：This paper uses the exposure of 16-year-old cohorts to an exogenous elimination of export quotas to explore the short-run schooling consequence of destination-specific export expansions and the longer-run effects on adult outcomes. We find that export expansions to rich-country markets resulted in substantially higher high school enrollment rates. The expansions disproportionately favored urban children and children in regions with lower initial skill endowment. Subsequently, the effects trans...
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作者：Verwimp, Philip
作者单位：Universite Libre de Bruxelles; Solvay SA
摘要：The northern provinces of Burundi have suffered from subordination in the education system since independence. This paper shows that the post-war, northern-led regime has chosen a drastic way to reverse that subordination. The national test (Concours National) at the end of primary school is at the heart of the matter. Using the universe of individual test score data which can be used to construct a school-level panel and applying difference-in-differences analysis, the paper shows strong impr...
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作者：Hu, Zhi-An; Li, Jinghong; Nie, Zhuo
作者单位：Central University of Finance & Economics; Peking University; University of International Business & Economics
摘要：This study examines the long-term effect of aid on bilateral trade and provides a new mechanism that aid fosters intergroup affinity. Our empirical setting is the Soviet aid to China during the 1950s under the 156 Program, which allowed numerous large industrial plants to be constructed. Using a difference-in-differences framework, we find that Chinese cities which received more aid through the program, trade more with Russia than with other countries in the 2000s, despite the Sino-Russian spl...
