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作者：Bove, Vincenzo; Di Salvatore, Jessica; Elia, Leandro; Nistico, Roberto
作者单位：University of Warwick; University of Milano-Bicocca; University of Naples Federico II; University of Naples Federico II
摘要：A considerable body of empirical evidence indicates that conflict affects reproductive behaviour, often resulting in an increased fertility rate due to higher child mortality and limited access to healthcare services. However, we know much less about the effect of peace in a post-conflict setting. This study explores how the external provision of security affects fertility by focusing on the UN intervention in Liberia. We combine DHS birth history data with information on road distance to UN m...
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作者：Dimri, Aditi; Gille, Veronique; Ketz, Philipp
作者单位：Universite PSL; Universite Paris-Dauphine; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Laboratoire dEconomie de Dauphine LEDa; Paris School of Economics; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
摘要：This paper demonstrates that sex-selective abortion induces a correlation between birth interval length and the sex of the next-born child. Using a statistical model, we show that shorter birth intervals for next-born girls indicate repeated sex-selective abortions between consecutive births. Analyzing data from India, we find evidence of repeated sex-selective abortions at birth order 2 when the first child is a girl, and strong evidence at birth order 3 when the first two children are girls....
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作者：Chen, Liming; Hasan, Rana; Jiang, Yi; Parkhomenko, Andrii
作者单位：Asian Development Bank; University of Southern California
摘要：We study the interaction between transit improvements and land use policies. Bengaluru, one of India's largest cities, inaugurated a metro system in 2011 but has extremely low building heights, even near metro stations. We build a rich dataset and a quantitative spatial model in which heterogeneous workers choose among different commuting modes. We find that the metro increases citywide output and welfare, even net of costs. However, the net gains are several times larger with transit-oriented...
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作者：Cox, Loreto; Eyzaguirre, Sylvia; Gallego, Francisco A.; Garcia, Maximiliano
作者单位：Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; Brown University
摘要：This paper explores the electoral effects of providing information on the educational outcomes of municipal schools when the mayor is running for reelection. We designed and implemented an experiment in Chile whereby we sent 128,033 letters to voters in 400 randomly selected polling stations prior to the 2016 municipal elections. The letters included information on past test scores for local public schools (levels and changes), and either average or maximum outcomes for comparable municipaliti...
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作者：Mehmood, Sultan; Naseer, Shaheen; Chen, Daniel L.
作者单位：New Economic School; University of Oxford; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics
摘要：Randomizing different schools of thought in training altruism finds that training junior deputy ministers in the utility of empathy renders at least a 0.4 standard deviation increase in altruism. Treated ministers increased their perspective-taking: blood donations doubled, but only when blood banks requested their exact blood type. Perspective-taking in strategic dilemmas improved. Field measures such as orphanage visits and volunteering in impoverished schools also increased, as did their te...
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作者：Bharati, Tushar; Jetter, Michael; Malik, Muhammad Nauman
作者单位：University of Western Australia; University of Western Australia; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：Why do different types of information and communications technologies (ICTs) differentially relate to civil conflict incidence? We distinguish one-way (radio; television) from two-way ICTs (phone; internet; social media), contrasting technologies enabling one -directional broadcasting against technologies facilitating dialogue. The former predominantly allow rulers to misinform rebels about attainable rents, which, according to our theoretical framework, consequentially reduces conflict potent...
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作者：Berlanda, Andrea; Cervellati, Matteo; Esposito, Elena; Rohner, Dominic; Sunde, Uwe
作者单位：University of Padua; University of Bologna; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of Lausanne; University of Munich; University of Turin
摘要：Adverse health conditions and social conflict constitute major impediments for developing countries. The potential for reducing social conflict by successful public health interventions is largely unknown. This paper closes this gap by evaluating the effect of a major health intervention-the successful expansion of antiretroviral therapy (ART) to combat the HIV/AIDS pandemic in Africa. Combining exogenous time variation in access to ART with cross-sectional variation in the scope for treatment...
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作者：Bernal, Carolina; Prem, Mounu; Vargas, Juan F.; Ortiz, Monica
作者单位：Universidad del Rosario; University of Turin
摘要：The end of internal conflict is often shaped by political uncertainty and threats of violence recurrence. This implies that the effects of conflict termination on economic activity and specifically entrepreneurship can go in either direction, and we know little about this relationship. Studying Colombia's recent peace agreement with the FARC guerrilla, and using a difference-in-differences empirical strategy, we document that dynamics of entrepreneurship in traditionally violent areas closely ...
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作者：Tian, Wenjia; Wang, Zhi; Zhang, Qinghua
作者单位：Central University of Finance & Economics; Shanghai Institute of International Finance & Economics; Fudan University; Peking University
摘要：This paper highlights the crucial role of land allocation mechanisms in fostering industrial agglomeration by examining China's 2007 industrial land market reform. By introducing transparency into the land-selling process, the reform facilitated more buyers to compete for land (as evidenced by increased land sale prices), enabling local governments to allocate land to the most suitable users. Utilizing comprehensive data sets that include information on initial local industrial structure, new ...
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作者：Mangal, Kunal
摘要：Public sector recruitment exams can be highly competitive. Does this competition encourage candidates to develop generalizable skills, or do investments in exam preparation burden candidates who fail to get selected? I address this question by studying the impact of a partial public sector hiring freeze in the state of Tamil Nadu, India on male college graduates. The hiring freeze eliminated 86% of the usual vacancies. This increased the applicant-to-vacancy ratio for the remaining posts. Coho...
