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作者：Celhay, Pablo A.; Depetris-Chauvin, Emilio; Riquelme, Cristina
作者单位：Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：This paper empirically studies the impact of massive and sudden school closures following the 2011 nationwide student strike in Chile on teenage pregnancy. We observe an average increase of 2.7% in teenage pregnancies in response to temporary high school shutdowns, equal to 1.9 additional pregnancies per lost school day. The effect diminishes after three quarters since the strike's onset. The effects are predominantly driven by first-time mothers aligned with high-school absenteeism periods an...
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作者：Samutpradit, Saisawat
作者单位：University of Tokyo; University of London; University College London
摘要：This study employs both theoretical insights and empirical techniques to investigate the impact of a minimum wage increase on employment when minimum wage coverage is incomplete. Previous empirical studies on this topic have found conflicting results: while some find the share of the covered sector decreases, some find it increases. In the theoretical part, we extended the classic two -sector model and found both scenarios can occur depending on the parameters of the economy. Empirically, usin...
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作者：Gonzalez, Robert; Maffioli, Elisa M.
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：This paper examines the impact of cellphone access on the containment of an epidemic. We study this question in the context of the 2014 Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak in Liberia. Combining novel data on cellphone towers and EVD cases, we estimate a high-resolution radio-wave propagation model that uses variations in terrain topography and the spatial distribution of cellphone towers to predict signal strength on the ground. We then employ a regression discontinuity design that compares vil...
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作者：Alfonsi, Livia; Bauer, Michal; Chytilova, Julie; Miguel, Edward
作者单位：Harvard University; Charles University Prague; Charles University Prague; Czech Academy of Sciences; Economics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We study how human capital and economic conditions causally affect the choice of religious denomination. We utilize a longitudinal dataset monitoring the religious history of more than 5000 Kenyans over twenty years, in tandem with a randomized experiment (deworming) that has exogenously boosted education and living standards. The main finding is that the program reduces the likelihood of membership in a Pentecostal denomination up to 20 years later, when respondents are in their mid-thirties,...
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作者：Stojetz, Wolfgang; Brueck, Tilman
作者单位：Leibniz Association; Leibniz Institut fur Gemuse- und Zierpflanzenbau (IGZ); Humboldt University of Berlin
摘要：Globally, one in three women experience intimate partner violence (IPV) over their lifetimes. Yet, the factors that cause men to commit IPV remain poorly un-derstood. We propose and test a causal long-term link from past exposure to gender-based collective violence to violent behavior against an intimate partner. Combining novel survey data from Angolan war veteran families and a natural experiment, we find that exposure to sexual violence by armed groups against women makes male veterans abou...
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作者：Bo, Shiyu; Liu, Cong; Zhou, Yan
作者单位：University of Jinan; University of Hong Kong
摘要：This paper investigates the short-and long-term impact of large-scale military investment on civilian industrial growth by focusing on China's first attempt to modernize its military sector between 1861 and 1894. Panel data from 1858 to 1937 suggest that the program generated positive effects on civilian firm entry, but these effects appeared only after the government relaxed constraints on the entry of private firms. Long-term analysis shows that counties that received more military investmen...
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作者：Hu, Qing; Li, Wenjing; Lin, Chen; Wei, Lai
作者单位：Renmin University of China; Jinan University; University of Hong Kong; Lingnan University
摘要：This paper documents a causal effect of trade-induced competition on firms' ownership dynamics using the largest trade liberalization China has experienced, its accession to the World Trade Organization. By exploiting varying degrees of tariff reductions across industries, we find that firms that are more affected by competitive shocks experience a larger relative increase in their foreign ownership compared with those less affected. In addition, we find a stronger (weaker) effect for firms wi...
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作者：Conover, Emily; Kraynak, Daniel; Singh, Prakarsh
作者单位：Hamilton College
摘要：Using a novel data set on CCTV cameras in Chandigarh, India, we test whether police officers' effort changes in response to the presence of traffic cameras. Although the cameras are useful in sanctioning drivers, they can also capture the passive (shirking) or active (rent-seeking) corruption of officers. Accounting for the spatial and temporal variations in the operation of the cameras, we find that the presence of a functioning camera results in an increase in on-the-ground tickets. Although...
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作者：Herman, Peter R.; Oliver, Sarah
作者单位：American University
摘要：This paper assesses the impact of internet connectivity and digital trade policies on trade and welfare. Using new measures of internet connectivity, we find a significant positive relationship between internet use, bandwidth capacity, and trade. The positive relationship between internet use and trade is present for international and domestic trade, goods and services, high-and low-income exporters, and at the intensive and extensive margin. We also find that digital trade facilitation provis...
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作者：Tandel, Vaidehi; Gandhi, Sahil; Tabarrok, Alex
作者单位：University of Manchester; George Mason University
摘要：Mutually beneficial arrangements between politicians and real estate developers are common in many developing countries. We document what happens when the politician-developer nexus is disrupted by an election. We construct a novel dataset of real estate projects and electoral constituencies in Mumbai's municipal government. We find that an incumbent party losing the election increases real estate project completion times by 5%. We find no effect of quasi-random redistricting or changes in vot...
