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作者：Bohr, Nils; Deisemann, Tim; Gollin, Douglas; Kosmowski, Frederic; Lybbert, Travis J.
作者单位：European Bank of Reconstructon & Development; Tufts University; University of Oxford; University of California System; University of California Davis
摘要：Optimal input allocation in agriculture leverages production complementarities. For example, improved seeds are generally more responsive to fertilizer than traditional seeds. Thus, inaccurate beliefs about whether seeds are improved may result in sub-optimal fertilizer application. We document precisely this pattern using data from Ethiopia that allows us to compare farmer beliefs about their maize seeds with genotyping data that identify the true genetics of these seeds. We find that 15 perc...
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作者：Jakiela, Pamela; Ozier, Owen; Fernald, Lia C. H.; Knauer, Heather A.
作者单位：Williams College; National Center Atmospheric Research (NCAR) - USA; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We provide evidence on the link between enrollment in public preschool and child vocabulary, a critical precursor to early literacy. We measure early childhood development among both in-school and out-ofschool children in Kenya, allowing us to examine the association between preschool enrollment and cognitive outcomes. Children in our sample are more likely to start school at age three rather than age four if they live within a few hundred meters of the nearest primary school. Three-year-olds ...
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作者：Castro, Silvia; Mang, Clarissa
作者单位：University of Munich
摘要：Stigma can hinder the adoption of beneficial and affordable technologies, particularly in sensitive health areas. Menstruation is a heavily stigmatized biological process, and managing menstruation with dignity and hygiene is a challenge in low-income settings. In this study, we conducted a randomized control trial to explore the impact of discussion -based interventions on breaking the silence around menstruation and shifting practices related to menstrual products. Our findings demonstrate a...
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作者：Bujunoori, Raja Reddy; Mannil, Nithin; Tantri, Prasanna
作者单位：Indian School of Business (ISB); University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：We ask whether the presence of contract workers influences the sensitivity of firm output to monetary policy shocks. We use a judgment of the Supreme Court of India that facilitated the hiring of contract workers as a setting that exogenously increased their presence, especially in states with stringent labor laws. Difference -indifferences and triple -difference tests show that the sensitivity of output to monetary policy shocks moderates due to the presence of contract workers. The relative ...
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作者：Guo, Rufei; Zhang, Junsen; Zhou, Minghai
作者单位：Wuhan University; Zhejiang University
摘要：Fertility differentials across countries drive global migration. Despite a vibrant research agenda on the demographic forces behind international migration, little empirical research probes into the demography of internal migration. We analyze the demography of China's internal migration from 1996-2010. Specifically, we construct bilateral migration flows across Chinese prefectures and exploit large variations in cohort sizes induced by historical events. We find asymmetric impacts of pushand ...
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作者：Da Mata, Daniel; Drugowick, Pedro
作者单位：Getulio Vargas Foundation
摘要：Low-and middle-income countries, where more than four-fifths of the world's smokers live, are far behind in implementing comprehensive smoking bans in public places. This paper studies the infant health consequences of a highly enforced smoking-ban law in Brazil that reduced exposure to smoking for workers in hospitality occupations. Using administrative data and a difference-in-differences strategy, we show that pregnant women's decreased exposure to smoking improved birth outcomes. Vulnerabl...
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作者：Kelley, Erin M.; Ksoll, Christopher; Magruder, Jeremy
作者单位：The World Bank; University of Sherbrooke; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We use a randomized control trial to evaluate whether digital platforms improve employment outcomes among vocational training graduates in India. We uploaded a random subset of graduates to a digital platform, and assigned some to receive many text messages about job opportunities. We find evidence of voluntary unemployment: graduates respond to platform access by increasing their reservation wages, and by working significantly less. As good job offers fail to materialize on the platform, some...
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作者：Masselus, Lise; Fiala, Nathan
作者单位：Leibniz Association; RWI - Leibniz Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung; University of Passau; University of Connecticut; Makerere University
摘要：Household questionnaires typically survey the most knowledgeable household member, but this can lead to inaccurate data if they have limited information. Using data from survey experiments with 4,100 households in Paraguay and Uganda, we investigate whether there are discrepancies in intra-household reporting when multiple household members are interviewed. We randomly vary who responds to a survey on household income and food consumption using common approaches to respondent selection. We fin...
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作者：Ratnoo, Vigyan D.
作者单位：Utrecht University
摘要：This paper estimates the causal impact of land revenue institutions on long run rural development using a Spatial Regression Discontinuity framework on a new village level data set from colonial India. An early 19th century historical quirk meant that villages in close geographical proximity were assigned to different property rights systems - some falling under landlords and others under the government. Villages that were assigned to landlords in the colonial era have a higher poverty rate an...
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作者：Koima, Josephat
作者单位：Michigan State University
摘要：Between 2014 and 2016, the number of primary schools with electricity rose from 56% to 94%. Schools in proximity to the grid network were connected to grid electricity, while those located further away received solar photovoltaics. Using this rapid electrification expansion as a source of identifying variation in a panel fixed effects model, the paper estimates the impact on school test scores, enrollment, and completion. Additionally, the paper attempts to quantify the effects of lighting on ...
