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作者：Nyqvist, Martina Bjorkman; Jayachandran, Seema; Zipfel, Celine
作者单位：Stockholm School of Economics; Princeton University
摘要：This study evaluates a communication training program for mothers in Uganda, motivated by prior evidence suggesting that mothers often prioritize children's needs more than fathers. The program aims to enable women to effectively communicate their knowledge and preferences about child health to their husbands, thereby increasing investments in children's health. Using a randomized experiment, we find that the program increases spousal discussion about the family's health, nutrition, and financ...
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作者：Danon, Alice; Das, Jishnu; de Barros, Andreas; Filmer, Deon
作者单位：Harvard University; Georgetown University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); The World Bank
摘要：We assess the reliability and validity of cognitive and socioemotional skills measures and investigate the correlation between schooling, skills acquisition, and labor earnings. Our primary data from Pakistan incorporate two innovations related to measurement and sampling. With regard to measurement, we developed and implemented a battery of instruments intended to capture cognitive and socioemotional skills among young adults. With regard to sampling, we use a panel that follows respondents f...
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作者：DeStefano, Timothy; Timmis, Jonathan
作者单位：Georgetown University; The World Bank
摘要：Robots are becoming a key part of manufacturing in developed and emerging economies. This paper examines how automation can affect international trade through quality upgrading. The effects of robot use on export quality are estimated, by combining cross-country and cross -industry data on industrial robots with detailed Harmonized System 10 -digit trade data. Robot diffusion in (preexisting) foreign customers is used as an instrumental variable to predict robot adoption in the home country -i...
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作者：Rubio-Ramos, Melissa
作者单位：University of Cologne; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：How does violence affect social capital? I argue that its impact depends on two factors: (i) the ability to identify the perpetrating group, and (ii) the intensity of the violence. These factors help to reconcile the seemingly contradictory effects of violence on social capital presented in the literature. I study this question in the context of Colombia by exploiting changes in violence attributed to cross-border shocks on coca markets in neighboring countries interacted with a novel index of...
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作者：Czura, Kristina; Menzel, Andreas; Miotto, Martina
作者单位：University of Groningen; Charles University Prague; Czech Academy of Sciences; Economics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences; University of Warwick
摘要：Menstrual hygiene practices in low-income countries are often limited by lack of finances and information, with potentially adverse consequences for women's well-being and workplace outcomes. In a randomized controlled trial with around 1,900 female workers from four Bangladeshi garment factories, we relax both constraints individually and jointly by providing free sanitary pads and information on hygienic menstrual practices. Both access to sanitary pads and information improve menstrual prac...
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作者：Bahar, Dany; Choudhury, Prithwiraj; Miguelez, Ernest; Signorelli, Sara
作者单位：Brown University; Harvard University; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole Polytechnique
摘要：The number of Global Mobile Inventors (GMIs), inventors moving across borders during their career, has increased more than tenfold over the past two decades, and the corridors of mobility have shifted towards a growing presence of emerging markets. We document that GMIs that have patented in a given technology before moving are 70% more likely to be among the pioneering inventors in that technology once they arrive at destination, which we interpret as evidence of knowledge diffusion across bo...
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作者：Borck, Rainald; Mulder, Peter
作者单位：University of Potsdam; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Netherlands Organization Applied Science Research; Utrecht University
摘要：We study the effect of energy and transport policies on pollution in two developing country cities. We use a quantitative equilibrium model with choice of housing, energy use, residential location, transport mode, and energy technology. Pollution comes from commuting and residential energy use. The model parameters are calibrated to replicate key variables for two developing country cities, Maputo, Mozambique, and Yogyakarta, Indonesia. In the counterfactual simulations, we study how various t...
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作者：Bloem, Michael D.; Villero, Jesus
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania
摘要：We study the effects of an increase in post-secondary educational opportunities on teen fertility by exploiting policy-induced variation from Ser Pilo Paga (SPP), a generous college financial aid program in Colombia that dramatically expanded college opportunities for low-income students. Our preferred empirical approach uses a triple difference design that leverages variation in the share of female students eligible for the program across municipalities and the fact that the introduction of S...
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作者：Jaud, Melise; Cadot, Olivier; Disdier, Anne-Celia; Suwa-Eisenmann, Akiko
作者单位：The World Bank; University of Lausanne; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; INRAE; Paris School of Economics
摘要：This paper identifies export accelerations at the country pair -product level that are large enough to drive aggregate export growth in the medium run. In a sample of 100 countries, these export big hitsare rare, less than 2 percent of all export spells, yet account for over two-thirds of export growth in a given country. The paper then explores their microfoundations using matched customs -census firm -level data for France. We find that typically, two firms are sufficient to generate a big h...
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作者：Takasaki, Yoshito
作者单位：University of Tokyo
摘要：This paper examines the impacts of vocational training for persons with disabilities (PWDs). In heavily mined areas of rural Cambodia, adults with limb amputation or paralysis were randomly assigned to either a treatment group (invited to participate in an intensive training program in mechanics and services) or a control group (not invited to participate). Over 30% of PWDs in the treatment group participated in the program and none in the control group did so. Although being assigned to the t...
